Inflammation and cancer: advances and new agents
Inflammation and cancer: advances and new agents
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DOI：
10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.105
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
78.8
通讯作者：
Balkwill, Frances R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crusz, Shanthini M.;Balkwill, Frances R.
促进肿瘤的炎症被认为是癌症发展的主要特征之一。慢性炎症性疾病增加了一些癌症的风险，而且有强有力的流行病学证据表明，非类固醇抗炎药，特别是阿司匹林，是有效的化学预防药物。肿瘤微环境包含许多不同的炎性细胞和介质；在可移植和可诱导的遗传性小鼠癌症模型中靶向这些因子大大减少了疾病的发展、生长和传播。因此，这种复杂的炎症网络为预防和治疗恶性疾病提供了靶点。尽管支持晚期癌症患者癌症相关炎症和先天免疫靶向的临床研究仍处于初级阶段，但这一领域在新的癌症预防和治疗策略方面仍有很大潜力。随着调节适应性免疫系统的免疫疗法的初步成功，我们根据广泛的临床前和流行病学数据，断言炎症和先天免疫是癌症患者的重要靶点。适应性免疫反应在很大程度上依赖于先天免疫，因此，抑制先天免疫系统的一些促肿瘤免疫抑制作用可能会增强免疫疗法激活新生抗肿瘤反应的潜力。
Tumour-promoting inflammation is considered one of the enabling characteristics of cancer development. Chronic inflammatory disease increases the risk of some cancers, and strong epidemiological evidence exists that NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, are powerful chemopreventive agents. Tumour microenvironments contain many different inflammatory cells and mediators; targeting these factors in genetic, transplantable and inducible murine models of cancer substantially reduces the development, growth and spread of disease. Thus, this complex network of inflammation offers targets for prevention and treatment of malignant disease. Much potential exists in this area for novel cancer prevention and treatment strategies, although clinical research to support targeting of cancer-related inflammation and innate immunity in patients with advanced-stage cancer remains in its infancy. Following the initial successes of immunotherapies that modulate the adaptive immune system, we assert that inflammation and innate immunity are important targets in patients with cancer on the basis of extensive preclinical and epidemiological data. The adaptive immune response is heavily dependent on innate immunity, therefore, inhibiting some of the tumour-promoting immunosuppressive actions of the innate immune system might enhance the potential of immunotherapies that activate a nascent antitumour response.