Growth and health of Holstein calves fed milk replacers supplemented with antibiotics or Enteroguard
Growth and health of Holstein calves fed milk replacers supplemented with antibiotics or Enteroguard
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74153-2
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hippen, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donovan, DC;Franklin, ST;Hippen, AR
45头荷斯坦犊牛从出生至5周龄期间饲喂含抗生素[MRA（土霉素138 mg/kg和新霉素276 mg/kg，n = 22）]或Enteroguard [MRE，低聚果糖、大蒜素和肠道活性微生物的混合物（129 mg/kg，n = 23）]的牛奶消毒剂，以比较对平均日增重和腹泻发生率的影响。通过测量增重、饲料效率和粪便评分来评价性能。治疗组之间的总体体重增量和腹泻严重程度没有差异，起始摄入量或平均体重增量也没有差异。在第2周期间，饲喂MRA的小牛的平均增重低于饲喂MRE的小牛（0.07与0.09 kg/d，P = 0.09），而在第5周期间高于饲喂MRE的小牛（0.62与0.51 kg/d，P < 0.01）;然而，饲喂MRE的小牛的总增重与饲喂MRA的小牛无差异。同样，平均饲料效率（增重/干物质摄入量）也没有差异。饲喂MRA和MRE的小牛的腹泻严重程度（通过粪便评分和血清蛋白浓度（免疫球蛋白的间接测量）测定）相似。结果表明，牛奶发酵剂中的抗生素可以用低聚果糖、益生菌和大蒜素等化合物代替，以获得类似的小牛性能。
Forty-five Holstein calves were fed milk replacers containing either antibiotics [MRA (oxytetracycline at 138 mg/kg and neomycin at 276 mg/kg), n = 22)] or Enteroguard [MRE, a blend of fructooligosaccharides, allicin, and gut-active microbes at (129 mg/kg, n = 23)] from birth to 5 wk of age to compare effects on average daily gain and on incidence of scours. Performance was evaluated by measuring weight gain, feed efficiency, and fecal scores. The overall body weight gains and severity of scours were not different between treatments, nor were there differences in starter intake or mean body weight gain. During wk 2, the average gain of calves fed MRA was less than that of calves fed MRE (0.07 vs. 0.09 kg/d, P = 0.09), and greater during wk 5 (0.62 vs. 0.51 kg/d, P < 0.01); however, total gain for calves fed MRE was not different from calves fed MRA. Likewise, average feed efficiencies (gain/dry matter intake) were not different. Severity of scours, as measured by fecal scores, and concentrations of serum proteins, an indirect measure of immunoglobulins, were similar for calves fed MRA and MRE. The results suggest that antibiotics in milk replacers can be replaced with compounds such as fructooligosaccharides, probiotics, and allicin to obtain similar calf performance.