Assimilation of real-time riometer measurements into models of 30 MHz polar cap absorption

Assimilation of real-time riometer measurements into models of 30 MHz polar cap absorption
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将实时测量仪测量结果同化为 30 MHz 极帽吸收模型

DOI:
10.1051/swsc/2015009
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Rogers N
Rogers N
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rogers N

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空间气象事件可能对高频无线电传播产生不利影响,因此,提供高频无线电吸收的临近预报和预测的能力对于依赖高频通信的行业至关重要。本文介绍了将30 MHz无线电吸收测量值同化到两种类型的电离层极冠吸收(PCA)模型中的方法,以提高其作为临近预报工具的性能。类型1模型计算吸收asm乘以太阳质子通量的平方根,能量阈值Et。利用14个riometer在94个太阳质子事件(1995-2010年)期间的测量数据,通过线性回归优化m的昼夜值来同化。进一步的非线性优化证明,其中参数,如ET也优化和额外的条款,如当地时间和季节性变化。这些优化可将RMS误差降低高达36%。2型模型包括电子和中性密度以及电子温度的高度分布。这里,通过回归优化D区域中的有效复合系数分布的标度高度。此外,两个已公布的模型的刚性截止纬度(CL)进行了评估与riometer测量比较。通过在CL模型中引入3小时的地磁指数Kpin,观察到性能的一个小的改善。从极冠中的单个riometer同化数据将RMS误差降低到1 dB以下,偏差小于0.2 dB。然而,许多高纬度riometers现在提供近实时的吸收测量,我们演示了如何通过拟合低阶球谐函数的测量和PCA模型与优化的参数,这些数据可以被同化。
Space weather events may adversely affect high frequency (HF) radio propagation, hence the ability to provide nowcasting and forecasting of HF radio absorption is key for industries that rely on HF communications. This paper presents methods of assimilating 30 MHz radio absorption measurements into two types of ionospheric polar cap absorption (PCA) model to improve their performance as nowcasting tools. Type 1 models calculate absorption asmtimes the square root of the flux of solar protons above an energy threshold,Et. Measurements from 14 riometers during 94 solar proton events (1995–2010) are assimilated by optimising the day and night values ofmby linear regression. Further non-linear optimisations are demonstrated in which parameters such asEtare also optimised and additional terms characterise local time and seasonal variations. These optimisations reduce RMS errors by up to 36%. Type 2 models incorporate altitude profiles of electron and neutral densities and electron temperatures. Here the scale height of the effective recombination coefficient profile in the D-region is optimised by regression. Furthermore, two published models of the rigidity cut-off latitude (CL) are assessed by comparison with riometer measurements. A small improvement in performance is observed by introducing a 3-h lag in the geomagnetic indexKpin the CL models. Assimilating data from a single riometer in the polar cap reduces RMS errors below 1 dB with less than 0.2 dB bias. However, many high-latitude riometers now provide absorption measurements in near-real time and we demonstrate how these data may be assimilated by fitting a low-order spherical harmonic function to both the measurements and a PCA model with optimised parameters.
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