Reduction by half: the impact on bees of 34years of urbanization
Reduction by half: the impact on bees of 34years of urbanization
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DOI：
10.1007/s11252-018-0773-7
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Goncalves, Rodrigo Barbosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardoso, Marina Candido;Goncalves, Rodrigo Barbosa
城市生态系统正在迅速发展，城市化是生物多样性丧失的一个重要原因。蜜蜂在全球范围内，包括城市地区，数量正在减少，这种下降令人担忧，因为它们作为植物授粉者的全球重要性。在这里，我们通过比较20世纪80年代和2015年在库里蒂巴市城区采样的蜜蜂群来研究这种下降。这两项研究在一年的研究期间每两周对手持蚊帐的集合进行一次抽样。蜜蜂物种丰富度下降了45%（当时为112种，今天为63种）。两个已经消失的物种，Gaesischia fulgurans（Holmberg，1903）和Thectochlora basiatra（Strand，1910），也在城市的其他地方消失了。此外，物种的相对丰度也发生了变化，特别是随着社会蜜蜂的增加。在洞穴中筑巢的大蜜蜂相对于在地面筑巢的小蜜蜂也有所增加。这些发现与以前的报告表明蜜蜂对城市化的敏感性相似。铺面面积、城市人口和外来植物的增加都可能是蜜蜂多样性和丰度急剧下降的原因。
Urban ecosystems are growing rapidly and urbanization is an important cause of the loss of biodiversity. Bees are declining in abundance worldwide, including urban areas, and this decline is alarming because of their global importance as plant pollinators. Here we examine that decline by comparing a bee assemblage sampled in the 1980s and again in 2015, in an urban area of the city of Curitiba. Both studies sampled assemblages with hand-nets every two weeks during one year of study. Bee species richness has declined by 45% (112 species then, 63 today). Two species that have disappeared, Gaesischia fulgurans (Holmberg, 1903) and Thectochlora basiatra (Strand, 1910), have also disappeared elsewhere in the city. Also, relative abundances of species have changed, notably with the increase of social bees. Large bees that nest in cavities have also increased relative to small bees that nest in the ground. These findings are similar with previous reports indicating the sensibility of bees to urbanization. The increase in paved areas, in urban population and in exotic plants are all probably responsible for the sharp decline in bee diversity and abundance.