The activated sludge ecosystem contains a core community of abundant organisms.
The activated sludge ecosystem contains a core community of abundant organisms.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2015.117
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nielsen PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Saunders AM;Albertsen M;Vollertsen J;Nielsen PH
了解系统的微生物生态学需要观察到的种群动态可以与它们的代谢功能联系起来。然而，功能表征是费力的，生物体的选择应优先考虑那些经常丰富（核心）或短暂丰富，因此，pueconstrate在系统中的碳周转作出最大的贡献。我们分析了13丹麦污水处理厂的微生物群落与营养物质去除连续几年和一个单一的工厂定期超过6年，使用Illumina测序的16S核糖体RNA扩增子的V4区域。这些植物包含63个丰富的属级操作分类单位（OTU）的核心社区，占总读数的68%。在进入三个工厂的废水中也观察到由丰富的OTU组成的核心群落。使用质量平衡来量化单个OTU的净生长速率，并且发现活性污泥中的总读数的10%来自缓慢或非生长的OTU，并且它们的测量丰度主要是因为随废水的迁移。还鉴定了瞬时丰富的生物体。其中，Nitrotoga（Betaproteobacteria纲）是许多活性污泥植物中最丰富的推定亚硝酸盐氧化剂，这挑战了以前的假设，即Nitrospira（Nitrospiphylum Nitrospiphora）是活性污泥系统中主要的亚硝酸盐氧化剂。
Understanding the microbial ecology of a system requires that the observed population dynamics can be linked to their metabolic functions. However, functional characterization is laborious and the choice of organisms should be prioritized to those that are frequently abundant (core) or transiently abundant, which are therefore putatively make the greatest contribution to carbon turnover in the system. We analyzed the microbial communities in 13 Danish wastewater treatment plants with nutrient removal in consecutive years and a single plant periodically over 6 years, using Illumina sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA amplicons of the V4 region. The plants contained a core community of 63 abundant genus-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that made up 68% of the total reads. A core community consisting of abundant OTUs was also observed within the incoming wastewater to three plants. The net growth rate for individual OTUs was quantified using mass balance, and it was found that 10% of the total reads in the activated sludge were from slow or non-growing OTUs, and that their measured abundance was primarily because of immigration with the wastewater. Transiently abundant organisms were also identified. Among them the genus Nitrotoga (class Betaproteobacteria) was the most abundant putative nitrite oxidizer in a number of activated sludge plants, which challenges previous assumptions that Nitrospira (phylum Nitrospirae) are the primary nitrite-oxidizers in activated sludge systems with nutrient removal.