Convergent behavioral and corticolimbic connectivity evidence of a negativity bias in children and adolescents.
Convergent behavioral and corticolimbic connectivity evidence of a negativity bias in children and adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsw182
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Thomason ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marusak HA;Zundel CG;Brown S;Rabinak CA;Thomason ME
在模棱两可的情况或面部表情中，个体感知消极情绪的倾向是不同的。先前的研究表明，这种所谓的“消极偏见”在儿童身上被夸大了；例如，当他们给中性面部表情的情感内容打分时。然而，中性面孔经常被用作儿童情绪处理研究的基线条件，因为他们被认为是情绪中立的。在这里，我们展示了挑战这种观念的数据。我们证明了儿童和青少年对中性面孔，尤其是成年人的评价是消极的，这与愤怒面孔引起的评价相似。此外，我们发现中性成人面孔的反应时间没有与年龄相关的减少，这表明这些刺激在整个发育过程中仍然显著。证明了个体差异的相关性，较高的消极偏见与较低的自我报告奖励敏感性和增加的杏仁核功能连接有关。总之，这些发现表明，中性面孔在儿童中并不被认为是情感中立的，因此不鼓励将其作为儿科研究的基线条件。这些数据也提供了儿童负性偏见的潜在神经生物学基础。皮质边缘情绪处理回路和情感体验之间的联系暗示，这些偏见的夸大可能与情感精神病理学的发展有关。
Individuals differ in their tendency to perceive negativity in ambiguous situations or facial expressions. Prior research demonstrates that this so-called “negativity bias” is exaggerated in children; for instance, when they rate the emotional content of neutral facial expressions. However, neutral faces are frequently used as a baseline condition in pediatric emotion processing studies, as they are thought to be emotionally neutral. Here, we present data that challenge that notion. We demonstrate that children and adolescents rate neutral faces, particularly of adults, as negative, similar to ratings elicited by angry faces. In addition, we found a lack of age-related decrease in reaction time for neutral adult faces, suggesting that these stimuli remain salient across development. Demonstrating the relevance of individual differences, higher negativity bias was associated with lower self-reported reward sensitivity and increased functional connectivity of the amygdala. Together, these findings indicate that neutral faces are not perceived as emotionally neutral in children, thus discouraging their use as baseline condition in pediatric research. These data also offer a potential neurobiological substrate of the negativity bias in children. The link to corticolimbic emotion-processing circuitry and affective experience implies that exaggerations in these biases may be relevant for the development of emotional psychopathology.