Plant cell wall-mediated immunity: cell wall changes trigger disease resistance responses
Plant cell wall-mediated immunity: cell wall changes trigger disease resistance responses
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DOI：
10.1111/tpj.13807
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Molina, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bacete, Laura;Melida, Hugo;Molina, Antonio
植物已经进化出一整套监测系统来感知植物的形态发生，并面对环境变化和不同攻击者造成的威胁。这些系统将不同的信号整合到协调发育和防御相关反应的过度触发途径中。植物细胞壁是植物细胞周围动态而复杂的结构，近年来已成为植物监测系统的重要组成部分，从而扩大了其作为被动防御屏障的功能。植物具有维持细胞壁完整性（CWI）的专用机制，该机制包括多种质膜驻留传感器和模式识别受体（PRRs）。PRRs感知植物衍生的配体，如肽或壁聚糖，称为损伤相关分子模式（DAMPs）。这些DAMPs作为激活damp触发免疫（DTI）的危险警报信号，其与介导疾病抗性的非自身微生物相关分子模式触发的免疫途径共享信号成分和应答。CWI的改变是由于细胞壁生物合成和/或重塑相关蛋白的表达或活性受损，如在一些植物细胞壁突变体中发生的，或由于病原体/害虫定植引起的细胞壁损伤，激活特定的防御和生长反应。我们目前对壁面监测系统如何感知这些CWI变化的理解很少，并且很少有植物传感器/PRRs和damp被表征。这些CWI传感器和PRR-DAMP对的鉴定将有助于我们了解壁面监测系统的免疫功能，并可能为作物品种的选育和农业策略的设计提供帮助，从而提高作物的抗病性。
Plants have evolved a repertoire of monitoring systems to sense plant morphogenesis and to face environmental changes and threats caused by different attackers. These systems integrate different signals into overreaching triggering pathways which coordinate developmental and defence-associated responses. The plant cell wall, a dynamic and complex structure surrounding every plant cell, has emerged recently as an essential component of plant monitoring systems, thus expanding its function as a passive defensive barrier. Plants have a dedicated mechanism for maintaining cell wall integrity (CWI) which comprises a diverse set of plasma membrane-resident sensors and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The PRRs perceive plant-derived ligands, such as peptides or wall glycans, known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs function as danger' alert signals activating DAMP-triggered immunity (DTI), which shares signalling components and responses with the immune pathways triggered by non-self microbe-associated molecular patterns that mediate disease resistance. Alteration of CWI by impairment of the expression or activity of proteins involved in cell wall biosynthesis and/or remodelling, as occurs in some plant cell wall mutants, or by wall damage due to colonization by pathogens/pests, activates specific defensive and growth responses. Our current understanding of how these alterations of CWI are perceived by the wall monitoring systems is scarce and few plant sensors/PRRs and DAMPs have been characterized. The identification of these CWI sensors and PRR-DAMP pairs will help us to understand the immune functions of the wall monitoring system, and might allow the breeding of crop varieties and the design of agricultural strategies that would enhance crop disease resistance.