Malaria Eradication in the Americas: A Retrospective Analysis of Childhood Exposure
Malaria Eradication in the Americas: A Retrospective Analysis of Childhood Exposure
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DOI：
10.1257/app.2.2.1
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Bleakley, Hoyt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bleakley, Hoyt
本研究利用美国（大约1920年）和巴西、哥伦比亚和墨西哥（大约1955年）的疟疾根除运动来衡量儿童接触疟疾对劳动生产率的影响程度。这些运动的开始是因为卫生技术的进步，这减轻了人们对反向因果关系的担忧。此后，疟疾流行地区的发病率大幅下降。与非疟疾地区相比，疟疾根除后出生的人群成年后的收入高于前一代人。这些跨队列变化与儿童接触运动的时间一致，而不是与已有的趋势一致。估计表明，疟疾在解释区域间收入差异方面发挥了重大作用，尽管不是主要作用。（j12, j18, j13, j15）
This study uses the malaria-eradication campaigns in the United States (circa 1920) and in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico (circa 1955) to measure how much childhood exposure to malaria depresses labor productivity. The campaigns began because of advances in health technology, which mitigates concerns about reverse causality. Malarious areas saw large drops in the disease thereafter. Relative to non-malarious areas, cohorts born after eradication had higher income as adults than the preceding generation. These cross-cohort changes coincided with childhood exposure to the campaigns rather than to pre-existing trends. Estimates suggest a substantial, though not predominant, role for malaria in explaining cross-region differences in income. (JEL I12, I18, J13, O15)