Suicide Rates and Methods in Active Duty Military Personnel, 2005 to 2011 A Cohort Study
Suicide Rates and Methods in Active Duty Military Personnel, 2005 to 2011 A Cohort Study
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DOI：
10.7326/m15-2785
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发表时间：
2016-08-02
影响因子：
39.2
通讯作者：
Whitaker, Lyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anglemyer, Andrew;Miller, Matthew L.;Whitaker, Lyn
背景：自杀预防计划在军事单位中已经普遍存在；确定与所选自杀方法相关的时间趋势和非临床因素可能有助于改善自杀预防策略。目的：计算现役军人的自杀率，并确定那些有枪械自杀风险的人。设计：回顾性队列研究。背景：美国军事单位。患者：2005 年至 2011 年所有现役美国军人。测量：计算每个部门每 10 万人的自杀率。调整后的枪支特异性自杀比值比采用 95% CI 进行计算。结果：2005 年至 2011 年，有 1455 名军人自杀。2006 年至 2011 年，军人自杀率最高（每 10 万人中有 19.13 至 29.44 例）。在已知死因的自杀事件中，62% 与枪支有关。这项研究的结果还表明，在自杀的陆军人员或海军陆战队员中，步兵或特种作战职位的人员比非步兵职位的人员更有可能使用枪支。 局限性：结果仅适用于入伍人员，并且仅反映美国本土的自杀情况。缺乏有关既往精神疾病、部署历史和枪支拥有情况的数据。 结论：这些结果可能有助于让政策制定者和顾问了解武装部队中自杀和暴力自杀风险的差异，并可能有助于指导军队内部防止自残的努力。
Background: Suicide prevention programs have become ubiquitous among military units; identifying temporal trends and nonclinical factors associated with the chosen suicide methods may help improve suicide prevention strategies.Objective: To calculate suicide rates of active duty military personnel and identify those who are at risk for firearm-specific suicide.Design: Retrospective cohort study.Setting: Military units in the United States.Patients: All active duty enlisted U.S. military personnel from 2005 to 2011.Measurements: Suicide rates per 100 000 were calculated for each branch. Adjusted odds ratios for firearm-specific suicide were calculated with 95% CIs.Results: 1455 military personnel committed suicide from 2005 to 2011. From 2006 to 2011, the rates were highest among army personnel (19.13 to 29.44 cases per 100 000). Among suicides with a known cause of death, 62% were attributed to firearms. The results of this study also suggest that among army personnel or marines who committed suicide, those with infantry or special operations job classifications were more likely than those in non-infantry positions to use a firearm.Limitations: Results are generalizable only to enlisted personnel and reflect only stateside suicides. Data regarding previous psychiatric illness, deployment history, and firearms ownership were lacking.Conclusion: These results may help inform policymakers and advisors about differences in risks of suicide and violent suicide among the armed services and may help guide efforts to prevent self-harm within the military.