LOOKING AT PICTURES - AFFECTIVE, FACIAL, VISCERAL, AND BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS
LOOKING AT PICTURES - AFFECTIVE, FACIAL, VISCERAL, AND BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03352.x
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发表时间：
1993-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
HAMM, AO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LANG, PJ;GREENWALD, MK;HAMM, AO
彩色摄影图片，变化很大的情感层面的效价（愉快的不愉快）和唤醒（兴奋平静），每6秒的时间内，而面部肌电图（肌肉和皱眉肌活动）和内脏（心率和皮肤电导）的反应进行了测量。与快乐，唤醒，兴趣和情绪状态有关的判断被测量，因为是选择观看时间。在（a）面部表情和情感效价判断和（B）皮肤电导幅度和唤醒等级之间获得了显着的协变。兴趣等级和观看时间也与唤醒有关。虽然由于受试者的性别和认知方式的差异，情感反应在很大程度上是独立的人格因素的调查。反应特异性，特别是面部表情，支持了特定情感具有独特反应模式的观点。评价性判断之间维度关系的一致性（即，快乐和唤醒）和生理反应，然而，强调情绪是从根本上由这些动机参数组织。
Colored photographic pictures that varied widely across the affective dimensions of valence (pleasant-unpleasant) and arousal (excited-calm) were each viewed for a 6-s period while facial electromyographic (zygomatic and corrugator muscle activity) and visceral (heart rate and skin conductance) reactions were measured. Judgments relating to pleasure, arousal, interest, and emotional state were measured, as was choice viewing time. Significant covariation was obtained between (a) facial expression and affective valence judgments and (b) skin conductance magnitude and arousal ratings. Interest ratings and viewing time were also associated with arousal. Although differences due to the subject's gender and cognitive style were obtained, affective responses were largely independent of the personality factors investigated. Response specificity, particularly facial expressiveness, supported the view that specific affects have unique patterns of reactivity. The consistency of the dimensional relationships between evaluative judgments (i.e., pleasure and arousal) and physiological response, however, emphasizes that emotion is fundamentally organized by these motivational parameters.