Critical evidence: A test of the critical-period hypothesis for second-language acquisition
Critical evidence: A test of the critical-period hypothesis for second-language acquisition
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.01415
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Wiley, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hakuta, K;Bialystok, E;Wiley, E
第二语言习得的关键期假设是根据1990年美国人口普查的数据进行测试的，使用了230万具有西班牙语或汉语背景的移民的回答。这些分析检验了这一假设的一个关键预测，即第二语言成绩与移民年龄的回归线在临界年龄点的两侧会有明显不同。测试的预测是，将有一个差异的斜率，差异的平均值，同时控制斜率，或两者兼而有之。结果表明，大的线性效应的教育水平和移民年龄，但可以忽略不计的额外的方差占时，估计的参数差异的斜率和差异的手段。因此，第二语言习得的下降模式未能产生不连续性，而不连续性是关键时期的重要标志。
The critical-period hypothesis for second-language acquisition was tested on data from the 1990 U.S. Census using responses from 2.3 million immigrants with Spanish or Chinese language backgrounds. The analyses tested a key prediction of the hypothesis, namely, that the line regressing second-language attainment on age of immigration would be markedly different on either side of the critical-age point. Predictions tested were that there would be a difference in slope, a difference in the mean while controlling for slope, or both. The results showed large linear effects for level of education and for age of immigration, but a negligible amount of additional variance was accounted for when the parameters for difference in slope and difference in means were estimated. Thus, the pattern of decline in second-language acquisition failed to produce the discontinuity that is an essential hallmark of a critical period.