Role of Th17 Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human IBD.
Role of Th17 Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human IBD.
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DOI：
10.1155/2014/928461
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gálvez J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gálvez J
胃肠道在免疫系统中起着核心作用，能够对病原体产生有效的免疫反应，保持人体肠道的稳态。然而，炎症性肠病（IBD）的主要形式，如克罗恩病（CD）或溃疡性结肠炎（UC），通过激活CD4+ T辅助（Th）细胞，与针对正常微生物群的过度和不受控制的免疫反应有关。传统上，IBD被认为主要是由CD中的Th1细胞或UC中的Th2细胞介导的，但现在知道Th17细胞及其相关细胞因子在这两种情况下都是至关重要的介质。Th17细胞大量浸润炎症IBD患者的肠道，在那里产生白细胞介素- (IL-) 17A和其他细胞因子，触发和放大炎症过程。然而，这些细胞表现出功能可塑性，它们可以转化为产生IFN-γ的Th1细胞或调节性T细胞。本文将对Th17细胞在肠道中的调控和功能作用进行综述。更深入地了解它们在炎症条件下的可塑性将有助于促进我们对调节肠道黏膜稳态和炎症的机制的理解，促进IBD新治疗方法的设计。
The gastrointestinal tract plays a central role in immune system, being able to mount efficient immune responses against pathogens, keeping the homeostasis of the human gut. However, conditions like Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), the main forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), are related to an excessive and uncontrolled immune response against normal microbiota, through the activation of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells. Classically, IBD was thought to be primarily mediated by Th1 cells in CD or Th2 cells in UC, but it is now known that Th17 cells and their related cytokines are crucial mediators in both conditions. Th17 cells massively infiltrate the inflamed intestine of IBD patients, where they produce interleukin- (IL-) 17A and other cytokines, triggering and amplifying the inflammatory process. However, these cells show functional plasticity, and they can be converted into either IFN-γ producing Th1 cells or regulatory T cells. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the regulation and functional role of Th17 cells in the gut. Deeper insights into their plasticity in inflammatory conditions will contribute to advancing our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate mucosal homeostasis and inflammation in the gut, promoting the design of novel therapeutic approaches for IBD.