Ultra-Small GaAs-Photonic-Crystal-Slab-Waveguide-Based Near-Infrared Components: Fabrication, Guided-Mode Identification, and Estimation of Low-Loss and Broad-Band-Width in Straight-Waveguides, 60°-Bends and Y-Splitters
Ultra-Small GaAs-Photonic-Crystal-Slab-Waveguide-Based Near-Infrared Components: Fabrication, Guided-Mode Identification, and Estimation of Low-Loss and Broad-Band-Width in Straight-Waveguides, 60°-Bends and Y-Splitters
复制标题
基于超小型砷化镓光子晶体板波导的近红外元件：直波导、60° 弯曲和 Y 波导的制造、导模识别以及低损耗和宽带宽度的估计分离器
DOI：
10.1143/jjap.43.6112
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Yoshinori Watanabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuon Inoue;Y. Sugimoto;N. Ikeda;Y. Tanaka;K. Asakawa;T. Maruyama;K. Miyashita;K. Ishida;Yoshinori Watanabe
我们利用空气桥型砷化镓 PC 中的单线缺陷，设计并制造了基于超小型光子晶体 (PC) 波导 (WG) 的直波导、60° 弯曲和 Y 形分路器组件，并通过观察 850 至 1600 nm 的宽波长范围内的透射率 (T) 光谱，详细揭示了它们的光学特性。为此，我们开发了一种基于卤素灯的光谱仪，用于超薄板状样品，结果证明该光谱仪非常有用。我们还利用三维时域有限差分法计算了相应的T谱。在所有可以进行比较的情况下，观察到的光谱与计算得到的光谱基本一致。由于这些宽光谱，我们已经明确地识别出由于各个组件中的单导模而产生的高 T 区域。不同样品或组件之间的光谱比较，例如长度差异很大的直波导，或直波导和急弯波导，也有助于合理解释观察到的光谱，从而全面了解这些组件的光学特性。每个组件的传播损耗和带宽也可以通过比较来估计。直式 WG 的损耗估计为 1.5 ±0.5 dB/mm，而弯曲 WG 的损耗则小于 1 dB/弯曲（如果存在），并且两个带宽都宽于 40 nm。我们还发现Y形分光器能够将光分成强度几乎相等的两个端口，总透过率超过85%；带宽大于40 nm。结果，我们发现所有这些都可以作为未来超快平面光学集成电路的关键组件。
We designed and fabricated ultra-small photonic-crystal (PC)-waveguide (WG)-based components of straight-WGs, 60°-bends and Y-splitters, utilizing single-line-defect in the air-bridge type GaAs PC, and revealed their optical properties in detail by observing a transmittance (T) spectrum over a broad wavelength-region from 850 to 1600 nm. For this purpose, we developed a halogen-lamp-based spectrometer for an ultra-thin slab-sample, which has turned out very useful. We also calculated the corresponding T-spectrum by using three-dimensional finite-difference-time-domain method. In all cases where comparison is possible, the observed spectrum agrees essentially with the calculated one. Owing to these broad spectra, we have unambiguously identified the high-T region due to single guided-mode in the respective components. Comparisons of the spectrum between different samples or components, such as the straight-WGs with much different lengths, or the straight-WG and the sharp bend have also helped to reasonably interpret the observed spectra, allowing a comprehensive understanding of optical properties of those components. The propagation loss and the band width in each component could also be estimated from the comparison. The loss is estimated as 1.5 ±0.5 dB/mm for the straight-WG, while less than 1 dB/bend, if it exists, for the bend WG, and both band-widths are broader than 40 nm. We also find that the Y-splitter is capable of dividing light into two ports almost equally in intensity with a total transmittance of more than 85%; the band-width is broader than 40 nm. As a result, we have found that all those should be useful as key components in future ultra-fast planar optical integrated circuits.