Effects of Music Composed by Mozart and Ligeti on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Circadian Rhythms in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats
Effects of Music Composed by Mozart and Ligeti on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Circadian Rhythms in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats
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DOI：
10.1080/07420520802539415
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Lemmer, Bjoern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lemmer, Bjoern
关于音乐对人类和实验动物的许多功能的影响（莫扎特效应）的讨论还在继续。无线电遥测技术现在允许人们监测自由活动、不受约束的实验动物的心血管功能。采用无线遥测法监测雄性正常WKY和高血压SHR动物的收缩压、舒张压（SBP、DBP）、心率（HR）和运动活动（MA）。大鼠在隔离、通风、光控、隔声的动物容器中同步进行12h光照(L): 12h黑暗(D)方案。音乐（莫扎特，第40交响曲；利盖蒂，第2弦乐四重奏）在交叉设计的动物舱中以75dB播放2h，从L或D开始。在对照条件下以及音乐播放期间和之后，每隔5分钟采集一次数据，持续24小时。此外，在24h内每隔3h测定无约束动物的血浆去甲肾上腺素（NE）浓度。在WKY和SHR中，对照条件下收缩压、舒张压、HR和MA均有高度显著的昼夜节律；SHR组HR低于WKY组，BP高于WKY组。两种菌株的NE均具有昼夜节律性，D较高；与WKY相比，固定后的NE增加在SHR中更为明显。在WKY中，莫扎特音乐对这两个参数均无影响，在L和d中均无影响。而在SHR中，L中播放莫扎特音乐可显著降低HR，不影响BP，导致心输出量小幅下降。Ligeti音乐显著提高左、右心室的血压，反射性降低左心室的HR，效果持续24小时以上。有趣的是，75dB的白噪声对两种菌株的任何功能都没有影响。Mozart和Ligeti的影响不能归因于应激反应，因为笼子切换引起的应激增加了WKY和SHR的HR和BP。研究清楚地表明，不同性质的音乐（节奏、节奏、音高、调性）可以改变自由运动大鼠的心血管功能，其中SHR比正常动物更敏感。然而，这两首乐曲的特点的相对贡献需要进一步的评价。
There is continuing discussion on the effect of music (Mozart effect) on numerous functions in man and experimental animals. Radiotelemetry now allows one to monitor cardiovascular functions in freely-moving unrestrained experimental animals. Radiotelemetry was used to monitor systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA) in male normotensive WKY and hypertensive SHR animals. Rats were synchronized to a 12h light (L): 12h dark (D) regimen in an isolated, ventilated, light-controlled, sound-isolated animal container. Music (Mozart, Symphony # 40; Ligeti, String Quartet # 2) were played for 2h at 75dB in the animal cabin starting at the onset of L or D in a cross-over design. Data were collected every 5min for 24h under control conditions and during and after music. In addition, plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) were determined in unrestrained animals at 3h intervals over 24h. In both WKY and SHR, highly significant circadian rhythms were obtained in SBP, DBP, HR, and MA under control conditions; HR was lower and BP higher in SHR than in WKY. NE was circadian rhythmic in both strains with higher values in D; the increase in NE with immobilization was much more pronounced in SHR than in WKY. The music of Mozart had no effect on either parameter in WKY, neither in L nor in D. In contrast, in SHR, the music of Mozart presented in L significantly decreased HR and left BP unaffected, leading to a small decrease in cardiac output. The music of Ligeti significantly increased BP both in L and in D and reflexively reduced HR in L, the effects being long-lasting over 24h. Interestingly, white noise at 75dB had no effect at all on either function in both strains. The effects of both Mozart and Ligeti cannot be attributed to a stress reaction, as stress due to cage switch increased HR and BP both in WKY and SHR. The study clearly demonstrates that music of different character (tempo, rhythm, pitch, tonality) can modify cardiovascular functions in freely-moving rats, with SHR being more sensitive than normotensive animals. The relative contribution of the characteristics of the two pieces of music, however, needs further evaluation.