Dissociating neural correlates of retrieval practice and elaborative study in associative recognition memory
Dissociating neural correlates of retrieval practice and elaborative study in associative recognition memory
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检索练习的分离神经相关性和联想识别记忆的精细研究
DOI：
10.1097/wnr.0000000000001301
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Chunyan Guo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yi Liu;Xinrui Mao;Yubin Peng;Baoqing Lu;Chunyan Guo
检索练习效果是指主动检索比再学习更能促进学生的长期记忆，这一点已被广泛证实。然而，仍然存在争议，这种效果的潜在机制是否可以归因于语义加工。我们通过使用相应的联想记忆和项目记忆的事件相关电位测量来观察这两种情况的潜在认知过程，研究提取练习和阐述是否等效。行为学结果表明，提取练习比精细化学习更能促进联想记忆成绩的提高。对于事件相关电位的结果，一个早期的老/重组效应（FN 400）相关的熟悉性和一个晚期的老/重组效应（晚期的积极成分）相关的回忆出现在检索实践条件，而这两个都没有在精心研究的条件。在精细化学习条件下出现了早期重组/新效应（FN 400），而在提取练习条件下没有出现。由此可以推断，提取练习促进了对情景背景的回忆，为以后的联想记忆奠定了基础，而精加工学习则加强了对单个项目的熟悉程度。这些发现表明，提取练习和加工是两个不同的过程。
Retrieval practice effect refers to better long-term retention enhanced by active retrieval compared to re-studying, which has been widely demonstrated. However, controversies remain as to whether the underlying mechanism of this effect could be attributed to semantic elaboration. We investigated whether retrieval practice and elaboration were equivalent by observing the underlying cognitive processes of the two conditions using corresponding event-related potentials measures of associative memory and item memory. Behavioral results showed that retrieval practice induced better associate memory performance than elaborative study. For event-related potential results, an early old/recombined effect (FN400) related to familiarity and a late old/recombined effect (late positive component) related to recollection emerged in the retrieval practice condition, while both were absent in the elaborative study condition. An early recombined/new effect (FN400) appeared in the elaborative study condition, which did not occur in the retrieval practice condition. It could be inferred that retrieval practice promoted the recollection of episodic contexts for later associative memory, while elaborative study strengthened the familiarity of individual item. These findings suggest that retrieval practice and elaboration are two distinctive processes.