Sexual violence in armed conflict: Introducing the SVAC dataset, 1989-2009
Sexual violence in armed conflict: Introducing the SVAC dataset, 1989-2009
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DOI：
10.1177/0022343314523028
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nordas, Ragnhild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Dara Kay;Nordas, Ragnhild
哪些武装团体在最近的冲突中实施了性暴力？本文介绍了新的武装冲突中的性暴力(SVAC)数据集的模式。该数据集根据量化人权文献中使用最广泛的三个来源编码，涵盖1989-2009年期间129个正在发生的冲突以及参与这些冲突的625个武装行为者。观察单位是冲突行为者年，以便对每个冲突行为者实施性暴力的模式进行详细分析。该数据集捕捉了性暴力的六个维度：流行率、肇事者、受害者、形式、地点和时间。除了活跃的冲突年，该数据集还包括冲突行为者在冲突后五年中实施性暴力的报告。我们使用这些数据来追踪报告的与冲突相关的性暴力随时间、空间和行为类型的变化，并概述数据集对学者的潜在效用。在提供的见解中，性暴力的流行率因犯罪者群体而有很大不同，这表明性侵犯很常见-但并不是无处不在。此外，我们发现，国家军队比反叛组织或民兵更有可能被报告为性暴力的肇事者。最后，性暴力的报告持续到冲突后时期，有时是非常高的水平。这些数据可能有助于学者和政策制定者更好地理解性暴力的模式、原因及其后果。
Which armed groups have perpetrated sexual violence in recent conflicts? This article presents patterns from the new Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict (SVAC) dataset. The dataset, coded from the three most widely used sources in the quantitative human rights literature, covers 129 active conflicts, and the 625 armed actors involved in these conflicts, during the period 1989-2009. The unit of observation is the conflict-actor-year, allowing for detailed analysis of the patterns of perpetration of sexual violence for each conflict actor. The dataset captures six dimensions of sexual violence: prevalence, perpetrators, victims, forms, location, and timing. In addition to active conflict-years, the dataset also includes reports of sexual violence committed by conflict actors in the five years post-conflict. We use the data to trace variation in reported conflict-related sexual violence over time, space, and actor type, and outline the dataset's potential utility for scholars. Among the insights offered are that the prevalence of sexual violence varies dramatically by perpetrator group, suggesting that sexual violations are common - but not ubiquitous. In addition, we find that state militaries are more likely to be reported as perpetrators of sexual violence than either rebel groups or militias. Finally, reports of sexual violence continue into the post-conflict period, sometimes at very high levels. The data may be helpful both to scholars and policymakers for better understanding the patterns of sexual violence, its causes, and its consequences.