Postharvest biological control of Rhizopus rot of nectarine fruits by Pichia membranefaciens
Postharvest biological control of Rhizopus rot of nectarine fruits by Pichia membranefaciens
复制标题
DOI：
10.1094/pdis.2000.84.11.1212
复制
发表时间：
2000-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Tian, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, Q;Tian, SP
从桃果实伤口中分离出一种新的酵母拮抗剂膜毕赤酵母，评估了其在不同温度和其他处理下对油桃果实上匍匐根霉的生物防治能力。在 25、15 和 3 ℃ 下，每毫升 5 x 10(4) 孢子人工接种的油桃伤口中，P. membranefaciens 在 5 x 10(8) CPU/ml 洗涤细胞悬浮液中完全抑制根霉腐烂。酵母拮抗剂的培养物滤液未能对油桃果实中的根霉腐烂提供任何保护。与单独使用酵母或异菌脲相比，酵母与异菌脲以 100 微克 a.i./ml 混合可更好地控制匍匐根瘤菌。每升 20 g CaCl2 溶液可增强 P. membranefaciens（10(7) 至 10(8) CFU/ml）作为水悬浮液的功效。在 25 和 15 摄氏度下的前 48 小时内，观察到酵母菌在伤口中快速定植。 5 x 10(8) CFU/ml 的 P. membranefaciens 在病原体感染前 0 至 72 小时施用时有效，而 1 x 10(8) CPU/ml 时，在接种 a 前 24 至 48 小时施用时效果最佳。匍匐茎。但酵母菌与病原菌同时施用时，其药效明显降低，发病率达60%，病斑直径达37毫米。
A new yeast antagonist, Pichia membranefaciens, isolated from wounds of peach fruit, was evaluated for its biocontrol capability against Rhizopus stolonifer on nectarine fruits at different temperatures and with other treatments. P. membranefaciens at 5 x 10(8) CPU/ml of washed-cell suspension completely inhibited Rhizopus rot in nectarine wounds artificially inoculated with 5 x 10(4) spores per ml at 25, 15, and 3 degreesC. A culture filtrate of the yeast antagonist failed to provide any protection against Rhizopus rot in nectarine fruits. The yeast mixed with iprodione at 100 mug a.i./ml gave better control of R. stolonifer than either yeast or iprodione alone. A solution of 20 g CaCl2 per liter enhanced the efficacy of P. membranefaciens (10(7) to 10(8) CFU/ml) as an aqueous suspension. Rapid colonization of the yeast in wounds was observed during the first 48 h at 25 and 15 degreesC. P. membranefaciens at 5 x 10(8) CFU/ml was effective when applied 0 to 72 h before the pathogen, while at 1 x 10(8) CPU/ml, its efficacy was best when applied 24 to 48 h prior to inoculation with a. stolonifer. However, its efficacy was significantly reduced when the yeast was applied simultaneously with the pathogen, with disease incidence of 60% and lesion diameter of 37 mm.