Cost Analysis of Direct Air Capture and Sequestration Coupled to Low-Carbon Thermal Energy in the U.S.
Cost Analysis of Direct Air Capture and Sequestration Coupled to Low-Carbon Thermal Energy in the U.S.
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美国直接空气捕获和封存与低碳热能耦合的成本分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
J. Wilcox
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. McQueen;P. Psarras;Hélène Pilorgé;S. Liguori;Jiajun He;Mengyao Yuan;Caleb M. Woodall;Kourosh Kian;L. Pierpoint;J. Jurewicz;J. M. Lucas;Rory Jacobson;Noah Deich;J. Wilcox
负排放技术将在防止2100年2°C变暖方面发挥重要作用。未来十年对于技术创新和部署至关重要，以实现本世纪中叶10 - 20 GtCO 2/年的碳去除目标。直接空气捕集（DAC）在碳去除方面发挥着关键作用，但主要由于成本高，其部署工作仍处于落后状态。本研究概述了通过利用低温热量、美国最近的政策驱动因素以及美国合理的区域最终用途机会来降低DAC成本的路线图。具体而言，确定了两种方案，允许生产压缩的高纯度CO2，成本为300美元/吨CO2，净交付量有机会扩大到19 MtCO 2/年。这些方案使用地热和核电站的热能来产生蒸汽，并通过卡车将纯化的二氧化碳运输到最近的直接使用或地下永久储存的机会。虽然一些利用途径导致二氧化碳的再排放，不能被认为是真正的碳去除，但它们将为到本世纪中叶大规模部署DAC工厂提供经济激励。此外，还为符合条件的设施申请了联邦税收抵免45 Q（即产生100千吨CO2/年）。
Negative emissions technologies will play an important role in preventing 2°C warming by 2100. The next decade is critical for technological innovation and deployment to meet mid-century carbon removal goals of 10 - 20 GtCO2 /yr. Direct air capture (DAC) is positioned to play a critical role in carbon removal, yet remains under paced in deployment efforts, mainly due to high costs. This study outlines a roadmap for DAC cost reductions through the exploitation of low-temperature heat, recent US policy drivers, and logical, regional end-use opportunities in the US. Specifically, two scenarios are identified that allow for the production of compressed high-purity CO2 for costs $300/tCO2, net delivered with an opportunity to scale to 19 MtCO2/yr. These scenarios use thermal energy from geothermal and nuclear power plants to produce steam and transport the purified CO2 via trucks to the nearest opportunity for direct use or subsurface permanent storage. While some utilization pathways result in the re-emission of CO2 and cannot be considered true carbon removal, they would provide economic incentive to deploying DAC plants at scale by mid-century. In addition, the federal tax credit 45Q was applied for qualifying facilities, (i.e., producing 100 ktCO2/yr).