The modelling spiral for solving ‘wicked’ environmental problems: guidance for stakeholder involvement and collaborative model development
The modelling spiral for solving ‘wicked’ environmental problems: guidance for stakeholder involvement and collaborative model development
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DOI：
10.1111/2041-210x.12757
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
L. Parrott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Parrott
环境管理和可持续性方面的许多问题都没有单一的最佳解决方案。这样的问题被称为“邪恶问题”。任何邪恶问题的解决都会对广泛的利益相关者产生重大影响，离不开人类的伦理、价值观和社会公平。包括利益攸关方在内的参与式方法的经验表明，生态建模可以产生可能为环境管理和政策提供信息的应用结果，从而有助于解决邪恶的问题。然而，许多生态模型未能达到这一目标。描述了科学家和生态模型师可以通过与利益攸关方合作，为寻找邪恶问题的解决方案做出贡献的主要方式。建模被确定为一种工具，科学家可以将其纳入审议进程，以促进利益攸关方论坛内的对话和基于证据的决策。提出了一个模型螺旋，作为描述与利益攸关方协作导致积极变化的建模过程各阶段的框架。通过遵循模型螺旋的建议，生态模型师可以完成与社会相关的研究，有助于集体寻找邪恶环境问题的可持续解决方案。
Many problems in environmental management and sustainability have no single, optimal solution. Such problems are called ‘wicked problems’. Any solution to a wicked problem will significantly affect a wide range of stakeholders, and cannot be separated from human ethics, values and social equity. Experience with participatory approaches that include stakeholders shows that ecological modelling can lead to applied outcomes that may inform environmental management and policy, thus helping to solve wicked problems. However, many ecological models fail to meet this goal. The key ways in which scientists and ecological modellers can contribute to the search for solutions to wicked problems in collaboration with stakeholders are described. Modelling is identified as a tool that scientists can bring into the deliberative process to facilitate dialogue and evidence‐based decision‐making within a stakeholder forum. A modelling spiral is proposed as a framework for describing the stages of the modelling process leading to positive change in collaboration with stakeholders. By following the recommendations of the modelling spiral, ecological modellers can accomplish socially relevant research that contributes to the collective search for sustainable solutions to wicked environmental problems.