STRATEGIC FOREST PLANTATION ESTABLISHMENT IN MALAYSIA FOR FUTURE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND UTILISATION
STRATEGIC FOREST PLANTATION ESTABLISHMENT IN MALAYSIA FOR FUTURE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND UTILISATION
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在马来西亚建立战略性森林种植园，用于未来产品的开发和利用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hashim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hashim
马来西亚的人工林旨在补充天然林生产的木材，用于下游工业制造。由于轮伐期相对较短且生产力较高，人工林能够在 3 至 30 年内产出特定质量的木材。过去大规模的重新造林计划（例如补偿性人工林）的启动以及目前政府在全国范围内支持的私人人工林的发展都是这种传统战略的体现。然而，未来天然林的作用从木材生产到环境服务和生物多样性保护的预期变化将强调人工林作为主要木材和非木材生产者的使命。此外，未来的森林产品将非常多样化、短暂且由技术驱动。生物能源、纸浆和纸张、木质复合材料产品以及植物性化妆品、营养保健品和医药产品等环保产品将主导市场。然而，除了退化和贫瘠的闲置土地外，适合建立人工林的土地相当有限。在这种可能的背景下，必须制定战略举措，采用各种方法建立人工林，将人工林转变为木材和非木材生产的可持续土地利用选择。提出了建立短轮伐期木本作物（SRWC）人工林、中轮伐林人工林、长轮伐期优质人工林、混交林人工林和农林业等多种途径。根据未来产品开发和利用的情况，讨论了马来西亚这些人工林方法的前景。
Forest plantations in Malaysia are geared towards supplementing timber produced from natural forests for downstream industrial manufacturing. Owing to relatively short rotation and high productivity, planted forests are capable of yielding timber of specific quality within a period of 3 30 years. The launching of large scale reforestation programmes (e.g. Compensatory Forest Plantation) in the past and the current development of government-assisted private forest plantations throughout the country are the indicative of this conventional strategy. However, the expected change in the role of natural forests, from timber production to environmental services and biodiversity conservation in the future would emphasise the mission of forest plantations as a main wood and non-wood producers. Moreover, forest-based products of the future would be very diverse, short-lived and technology driven. Environmental friendly products in the forms of bioenergy, pulp and paper, wood composite products, and plant-based cosmetics, nutraceuticals and medicinal products would dominate the market. Nevertheless, availability of suitable land for forest plantation establishment is rather limited, except for the degraded and infertile idle lands. Under of this probable setting, strategic move has to be formulated to establish forest plantations using various approaches in order to transform forest plantations into a sustainable land use option for timber and non-timber production. Several approaches including establishment of short rotation woody crop (SRWC) plantation, intermediate rotation forest plantation, long rotation, high quality forest plantation, mixed-species forest plantation and agroforestry are proposed. The prospects of these plantation forestry approaches in Malaysia are discussed in the light of the future scenario of products development and utilisation.