Lipid and fatty acid composition of cytoplasmic membranes from Streptomyces hygroscopicus and its stable protoplast-type L form
Lipid and fatty acid composition of cytoplasmic membranes from Streptomyces hygroscopicus and its stable protoplast-type L form
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DOI：
10.1128/jb.179.11.3430-3436.1997
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gumpert, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoischen, C;Gura, K;Gumpert, J
吸水链霉菌的L型菌株的细胞已经在没有细胞壁的情况下生长了20年。它们的细胞质膜具有高稳定性和不寻常的结构多态性。为了澄清这些膜特性的脂质成分的重要性，已进行了比较分析与纯化膜的L-型细胞，亲本营养菌丝细胞（N-型细胞），和来自后者的原生质体。磷脂类和脂肪酸的薄层色谱法（TLC），二维薄层色谱法，高效液相色谱法，气相色谱法和质谱法测定。心磷脂（CL）、溶血心磷脂（LCL）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE 1和PE 2）、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺（LPE）、磷脂酰肌醇甘露糖苷（PIM）、磷脂酸（PA）、二溶血心磷脂-磷脂酰肌醇（DLCL-PI）和13种主要脂肪酸的定性组成在3种膜型中相同。然而，在L型膜中观察到显著的定量差异。它们由三到四倍高含量的总可提取脂质、20%以上的磷脂、增加的CL和PIM含量以及减少的组分DLCL-PI组成。此外，与有壁营养细胞的膜相比，L型膜的特征在于支化anteiso 15：0和anteiso 17：0脂肪酸的含量更高。这些脂肪酸的熔点比它们的直链和异支链对应物低，使膜更具流动性。原生质体膜的磷脂组成在数量上不同于N型和L型。而磷脂类大多与N型相似，脂肪酸模式倾向于更接近L型膜。L型细胞和原生质体的细胞膜都需要更多的流动性，因为它们的球形细胞形状和更高程度的曲率与N型细胞膜相比。
The cells of an L-form strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus have been grown for 20 years without a cell wall. Their cytoplasmic membranes have high stability and an unusual structural polymorphism. To clarify the importance of the lipid components for these membrane properties, a comparative analysis has been carried out with purified membranes of L-form cells, of parent vegetative hyphal cells (N-form cells), and of protoplasts derived from the latter. The phospholipid classes and fatty acids were determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), two-dimensional TLC, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry. The qualitative compositions of cardiolipin (CL), lyso-cardiolipin (LCL), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE1 and PE2), lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), phosphatidylinositolmannoside (PIM), phosphatidic acid (PA), dilyso-cardiolipin-phosphatidylinositol (DLCL-PI), and the 13 main fatty acids were the same in the three membrane types. However, significant quantitative differences were observed in the L-form membrane. They consist of a three- to fourfold-higher content of total, extractable lipids, 20% more phospholipids, an increased content of CL and PIM, and a reduced amount of the component DLCL-PI. Furthermore, the L-form membrane is characterized by a higher content of branched anteiso 15:0 and anteiso 17:0 fatty acids compared to that of the membranes of the walled vegetative cells. These fatty acids have lower melting points than their straight and iso-branched counterparts and make the membrane more fluid. The phospholipid composition of the protoplast membrane differs quantitatively from that of the N form and the L form. whereas the phospholipid classes are mostly similar to that of the N form, the fatty acid pattern tends to be closer to that of the L-form membrane. The membranes of both the L-form cells and the protoplasts need to be more fluid because of their spherical cell shape and higher degree of curvature compared with N-form membranes.