Pictures in Mind: Initial Encoding of Object Properties Varies with the Realism of the Scene Stimulus
Pictures in Mind: Initial Encoding of Object Properties Varies with the Realism of the Scene Stimulus
复制标题
脑海中的图片：对象属性的初始编码随场景刺激的真实性而变化
作者：
B. Tatler;D. Melcher
感知的一个基本问题是我们如何对复杂场景进行视觉编码和保留信息，以便在其中进行有效操作。有趣的是，用于研究场景感知的刺激在不同研究之间存在很大差异，从线条图到彩色图画、计算机生成的场景、照片和真实场景。这些不同类型的场景刺激的发现在生态上同样有效吗？据报道，有两个实验解决了这个问题。首先，我们比较了摄影和非摄影场景，发现观察者在观看照片时在测试对象记忆的问题上表现更好，这表明从照片中编码信息具有初步的好处。在第二个例子中，我们发现非摄影场景是否遵循现实场景组织属性会影响对象记忆的形成。不同问题类型的效果各不相同，但在观看的早期最为突出。我们的结论是，在寻求对日常场景感知的理解时，我们必须非常小心地选择场景刺激和解释实验室的发现。
A fundamental question in perception is how we visually encode and retain information about a complex scene in order to allow effective operation within it. Interestingly, the stimuli used to investigate scene perception have varied greatly between studies, ranging from line drawings to coloured drawings, computer-generated scenes, photographs, and real scenes. Are findings from these different types of scene stimulus equally ecologically valid? Two experiments are reported that address this issue. In the first we compared photographic and non-photographic scenes and found that observers perform better in questions testing object memory when viewing photographs, suggesting an initial benefit for encoding information from photographs. In the second we found that whether or not non-photographic scenes obeyed realistic scene-organising properties influenced object-memory formation. Effects varied for the different question types, but again were most prominent early in viewing. We conclude that in the search for an understanding of everyday scene perception we must be very careful in our choice of scene stimuli and in our interpretation of findings from the laboratory.