Bringing words back to mind - Improving word production in semantic dementia
Bringing words back to mind - Improving word production in semantic dementia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2012.09.014
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Hodges, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savage, Sharon A.;Ballard, Kirrie J.;Hodges, John R.
语义性痴呆（SD）患者在命名和理解方面有明显的障碍，但表现出相对完整的注意力、日常记忆和视觉空间技能。鉴于这些保留的技能，已经尝试帮助SD患者重建词汇，并取得了可喜的成果。然而，这类报告通常仅基于一两个案例，并采用了各种不同的再培训方法。因此，不清楚哪些实践要素对成功至关重要。在两项研究中，我们评估了四名接受单词训练计划的患者，他们的严重程度从轻度到严重的语义知识障碍不等。所有四名参与者在命名训练过的项目的能力方面都有显着提高，而在同一时间段内，未训练过的项目没有变化。在3周的练习中，进步是明显的，并且可以从参与者家中进行的简单重复的单词图片配对练习中建立起来。在严重缺陷的患者中发现了治疗的强效应量。在一些后续评估中观察到学习的维持，尽管可能需要继续练习以维持命名性能。将生成任务应用于实践可能是有帮助的，但不是成功的必要条件。这些数据支持实用程序的实施简单的家庭实践计划，即使是有显着的语言缺陷的患者。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Patients with semantic dementia (SD) have significant impairments in naming and comprehension, but demonstrate relatively intact attention, everyday memory, and visuospatial skills. Given these preserved skills, attempts have been made to help re-build vocabulary in SD patients, with promising results. Such reports, however, are generally based upon only one or two cases and have employed variable retraining methods. It is thus unclear which elements of practice are crucial to success. Over two studies, we assessed four patients undergoing a word training program, who ranged in severity from mild to severe impairments to semantic knowledge. All four participants showed significant improvements in their ability to name trained items, with no changes in untrained items over the same time period. Improvements were evident within 3 weeks of practice, and could be established from a simple, repetitive practice of word-picture pairing, carried out at the participant's home. Strong effect sizes of the treatment were found in patients with severe deficits. Maintenance of learning was observed on some follow-up assessments, although continued practice is likely to be needed to sustain naming performance. Incorporating generation tasks into the practice may be assistive, but was not essential to success. These data support the utility of implementing simple home-practice programs even for patients with significant language deficits. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.