Toward Demonstrating Predictability of Bottleneck Activation on German Autobahns
Toward Demonstrating Predictability of Bottleneck Activation on German Autobahns
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展示德国高速公路瓶颈激活的可预测性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Schönhof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Lindgren;R. Bertini;D. Helbing;M. Schönhof
检查了德国法兰克福附近30公里(18.6英里)北行高速公路上的交通状况，每隔1分钟记录一次存档的感应环路探测器数据。通过重点研究流量在自由流动和排队状态之间的时空演变，可以识别15个瓶颈激活并表征与它们的形成、排放和消散相关的可重现特征。这是通过系统地探测测量地点之间产生的超额车辆积累(空间)和旅行时间(时间)来完成的。进出匝道附近的瓶颈变得活跃起来。低流量、低速度和持续时间相对较短的稳定激波的演变被追踪到超过16公里(10英里)。它的原因尚不明确，但一些迹象表明它的形成。一旦瓶颈变得活跃，其测量的流出可以在多次激活和数天内重现。使用的分析工具是累计车辆计数和累计时间平均速度的转换曲线，具有最原始形式的环路检测器数据。这些累积曲线为揭示动态高速公路交通流现象的空间和时间方面提供了必要的分辨率。随着可靠的高速公路传感器数据的日益增多，继续对不同国家不同几何形状的高速公路进行系统的实证分析是非常重要的。这类研究项目的结果将有助于交通流建模、操作和控制的方方面面。
Traffic conditions were examined along 30 km (18.6 mi) of northbound Autobahn 5 near Frankfurt, Germany, with archived inductive loop detector data recorded at 1-min intervals. With a focus on the spatiotemporal evolution of traffic between freely flowing and queued conditions, it was possible to identify 15 bottleneck activations and to characterize reproducible features related to their formation, discharge, and dissipation. This was done by systematically probing the excess vehicle accumulation (spatial) and travel time (temporal) that arose between measurement locations. Bottlenecks became active in the vicinity of on- and off-ramps. The evolution of a steady shock of low flow, low velocity, and relatively short duration was traced over 16 km (10 mi). Its cause is not known definitively, but some indications of its formation were revealed. Once a bottleneck became active, its measured outflow was reproducible across multiple activations and multiple days. The analysis tools used were transformed curves of cumulative vehicle count and cumulative time mean velocity, with loop detector data in their most raw form. These cumulative curves provided the resolution necessary to reveal the spatial and temporal aspects of dynamic freeway traffic flow phenomena. With increasing availability of reliable freeway sensor data, it is important to continue the systematic empirical analysis of freeways in different countries with different geometric configurations. The results of this kind of research program will assist with all aspects of traffic flow modeling, operations, and control.