Water use efficiency and sustainability of different long-term crop rotation systems in the Loess Plateau of China
Water use efficiency and sustainability of different long-term crop rotation systems in the Loess Plateau of China
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-1987(03)00065-5
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Li, YS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, MB;Shao, MG;Li, YS
在中国黄土高原的旱地地区，改善水土保持措施对于可持续农业至关重要。该地区普遍种植冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）作为单一作物，在7月至9月的休耕期间存在两个主要缺点：首先，暴雨造成的土壤侵蚀，其次，雨水的蓄水效率较差。因此，对替代种植系统进行了研究。它们包括四轮轮作，每轮轮作三年或四年，涉及玉米 (Zea mays L.)、小麦、黍 (Panicum miliaceum) 和豌豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 的不同组合。对黄土高原长武农业生态站1984年至1996年轮作的水分利用效率（WUE）和可持续性进行了评价。结果表明，与标准小麦单作相比，两次轮作显着提高了粮食产量和WUE。玉米、小麦、麦谷轮作可以使雨季作物覆盖持续时间从小麦的最低38%提高到最高80%，作物降水截留指数（CPII）从小麦的53%提高到最高73%。所有测试的替代轮作都没有显着影响小麦种植时的可用土壤水。考虑到所有因素，玉米、小麦和小麦-小米的三年轮作被认为是改善该地区种植实践的最佳潜力。 (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
In the dryland region of the Loess Plateau in China, improved soil and water conservation practices are essential for sustainable agriculture. The prevailing cropping practice in this region, growing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a monoculture, carries two major drawbacks which arise during the fallow period from July to September: firstly, an exposure to soil erosion from rainstorms and, secondly, poor water storage efficiency of rain. Alternative cropping systems were therefore investigated. They comprised four rotations, each of 3 or 4 years, involving different combinations of corn (Zea mays L.), wheat, broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), and pea (Pisum sativum L.). The water use efficiencies (WUEs) and sustainability of the rotations were evaluated at Changwu Agri-ecological Station in the Loess Plateau from 1984 to 1996. Results showed that two of the rotations gave significantly improved grain yields and WUE compared to the standard wheat monoculture. The rotation of corn, wheat, and wheat-millet could increase the duration of crop coverage during the rainy season from a low of 38% of the time for wheat to a maximum of 80%, and the crop precipitation interception index (CPII) from 53% for wheat to a maximum of 73%. All the alternative rotations tested did not significantly affect available soil water at wheat planting. Considering all factors, a 3-year rotation of corn, wheat, and wheat-millet was found to offer the best potential for improving cropping practice in the region. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.