Stress control and human nutrition.
Stress control and human nutrition.
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DOI：
10.2152/jmi.51.139
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rokutan, Kazuhito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takeda, Eiji;Terao, Junji;Rokutan, Kazuhito
压力是日常生活中普遍存在的因素，严重影响着发育和功能。严重和长期的压力暴露会损害体内平衡机制，特别是与抑郁症的发病有关。健脑食品旨在预防和治疗越来越多的与压力相关的精神障碍。综述了应激与营养关系的一些研究热点。大脑中血清素能神经元活动的增加是压力的必然结果。大脑色氨酸水平的增加与吃富含碳水化合物/缺乏蛋白质的食物产生的色氨酸水平的增加同时导致释放到突触的血清素数量的增加。(2)由于促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的厌食作用，进食被认为在应激期间受到抑制，而在应激恢复期间由于残留皮质醇的食欲刺激作用而增加。(3)咖啡摄入量与自杀风险呈显著负相关。(4)研究发现，夜食综合征发生在压力时期，与减肥效果不佳和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴紊乱有关。(5)水果和蔬菜中的抗氧化剂可以改善认知功能。因此，建立正确调节应激反应的功能食品必须牢固地建立在科学知识和法律法规的基础上。
Stress is a pervasive factor in everyday life that critically affects development and functioning. Severe and prolonged stress exposure impairs homeostatic mechanisms, particularly associated with the onset of depressive illness. Brain food is aimed at preventing as well as treating a growing number of stress-related mental disorders. Some topics on the association of stress and nutrition is reviewed. (1) An increased activity of serotonergic neurons in the brain is an established consequence of stress. An increase in brain tryptophan levels on the order of that produced by eating a carbohydrate-rich/protein-poor meal causes parallel increases in the amounts of serotonin released into synapses. (2) Eating is thought to be suppressed during stress, due to anorectic effects of corticotrophin releasing hormone, and increased during recovery from stress, due to appetite stimulating effects of residual cortisol. (3) A strong inverse association between coffee intake and risk of suicide. (4) Night eating syndrome has been found to occur during periods of stress and is associated with poor results at attempts to lose weight and disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. (5) Dietary antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables may improve cognitive function. Therefore, it is concluded that the establishment of functional foods that correctly regulate stress response must be firmly based upon scientific knowledge and legal regulation.