Total evidence phylogeny of the North American harvestman family Stygnopsidae (Opiliones : Laniatores : Grassatores) reveals hidden diversity
Total evidence phylogeny of the North American harvestman family Stygnopsidae (Opiliones : Laniatores : Grassatores) reveals hidden diversity
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DOI：
10.1071/is16053
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Francke, Oscar F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cruz-Lopez, Jesus A.;Francke, Oscar F.
在过去的几年里，Laniatores 之间的系统关系受到了相当多的关注。已经提出了许多重大的分类学变化，特别是在膝肽总科中。作为这个总科的一部分，最基础的Stygnopsidae 是最不为人所知的科。为了提出该家族的第一个完整的系统发育证据，我们制作了四个数据集：三个分子标记——部分核28S、线粒体核糖体16S、线粒体蛋白编码细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I；和72个形态性状。利用这些数据，我们进行了三种不同的系统发育分析：（1）使用分子数据进行贝叶斯推理，（2）使用组合数据进行贝叶斯推理和（3）最大似然分析。我们的结果是一致的：单系的Stygnopsidae细分为两个主要分支：Stygnopsinae和Karosinae亚科。十一月以下属被重新定义：Stygnopsis、Hoplobunus 和 Serrobunus stat。修订版描述了以下分类单元：Iztlina venefica，gen。十一月，SP。十一月和托纳尔特卡，将军。十一月此外，还建议进行以下修改：Serrobunus queretarius (Silhavy, 1974)，梳子。 11 月，Stygnopsis apoalensis (Goodnight & Goodnight，1973)，梳子。 11 月，Stygnopsis mexicana (Roewer, 1915)，梳子。十一月，Stygnopsis oaxacensis（晚安和晚安，1973），梳子。 11 月，和 Tonalteca spinooculorum (Goodnight & Goodnight，1973)，梳子。十一月我们还讨论了 Isaeus 属统计数据的状态。修订版和Mexotroglinus。最后，我们讨论了男性生殖器的进化和选定的同质诊断特征的趋同。
Systematic relationships among Laniatores have received considerable attention during the past few years. Many significant taxonomic changes have been proposed, particularly in the superfamily Gonyleptoidea. As part of this superfamily, the basalmost Stygnopsidae is the least known family. In order to propose the first total evidence phylogeny of the family, we produced four datasets: three molecular markers - partial nuclear 28S, mitochondrial ribosomal 16S, mitochondrial protein-encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; and 72 morphological characters. With these data, we performed three different phylogenetic analyses: (1) Bayesian Inference with molecular data, and (2) Bayesian Inference and (3) Maximum Likelihood using combined data. Our results are congruent: a monophyletic Stygnopsidae subdivided into two major clades: Stygnopsinae and Karosinae, subfam. nov. The following genera are redefined: Stygnopsis, Hoplobunus and Serrobunus stat. rev. The following taxa are described: Iztlina venefica, gen. nov., sp. nov. and Tonalteca, gen. nov. Additionally, the following changes are proposed: Serrobunus queretarius (Silhavy, 1974), comb. nov., Stygnopsis apoalensis (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov., Stygnopsis mexicana (Roewer, 1915), comb. nov., Stygnopsis oaxacensis (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov., and Tonalteca spinooculorum (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1973), comb. nov. We also discuss the status of the genera Isaeus stat. rev. and Mexotroglinus. Finally, we discuss the evolution of male genitalia and convergence of selected homoplastic diagnostic characters.