A Case Study Approach to the Sources of Slumps in Skill Learning
A Case Study Approach to the Sources of Slumps in Skill Learning
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技能学习衰退根源的案例研究方法
DOI：
10.1527/tjsai.23.86
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chie Takeba
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hiroaki Suzuki;Hitoshi Ohnishi;Chie Takeba
许多关于技能获得的研究都声称，绩效的提高遵循实践的幂律。然而，众所周知，在长期的实践中，会出现波动，如高原，回归和爆发。为了客观地考察学习过程中的波动，我们分析了一个简单的装配任务中的长期学习过程。我们应用基于状态空间方法的时间序列分析的任务完成时间。分析表明，实践的幂律仅提供了第一近似值，幂律线附近的波动反映了长期趋势。接下来，我们关注其中一个波动，并进行认知分析，以找出是什么产生了波动。我们发现，与占主导地位的技能获取模型相反，这种下滑是由于技能水平与技能展示环境之间的不匹配。这一分析表明，为了充分阐明技能获得的过程和机制，不仅要关注内部机制，而且要关注技能展示的外部环境。我们讨论了波动和环境在技能学习中的重要作用以及从单个受试者获得的数据的性质。
Many studies on skill acquisition have claimed that improvements in performance follow the power law of practice. However, it is also well-known that during long-term practice there are fluctuations such as plateaus, regressions, and spurts. In order to objectively examine the fluctuations in learning process, we analyzed a long-term learning process in a simple assembly task. We applied a time-series analysis based on the state space method to the task completion time. The analysis revealed that the power law of practice provided only a first approximation, and that fluctuations around the power law line reflected longterm trends. Next, we focused on one of the fluctuations, and carried out cognitive analysis to find what produced the fluctuation. We found that, contrary to the dominant skill acquisition model, the slump was attributable to the mismatch between the level of skills and the environment that the skills are demonstrated in. This analysis suggests that, in order to fully elucidate the processes and mechanisms of skill acquisition, attention should be paid not only to the internal mechanisms, but also to the external environment that the skills are demonstrated in. We discussed the above results in terms of the essential role of fluctuations and environment in skill learning as well as the nature of the data obtained from a single subject.