Enhancing the Success of Minority STEM Students by Providing Financial, Academic, Social, and Cultural Capital
Enhancing the Success of Minority STEM Students by Providing Financial, Academic, Social, and Cultural Capital
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DOI：
10.18260/1-2--20421
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发表时间：
2014
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Catherine Baker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catherine Baker
研究表明，学生的成绩受到他们获得或拥有各种形式资本的影响。这些形式的资本包括金融资本、学术资本（事先的学术准备和获得学术支持服务的机会）、文化资本（学生家庭或社区成员接触到的与教育有关的态度、知识和行为）和社会资本（学生作为群体或网络成员而获得的资源）。对于社区大学的学生来说，许多人都有很高的经济需求，并且是家庭中第一个上大学的人（特别是那些来自代表性不足的少数群体的学生），制定计划以增加获得这些各种形式的资本对他们的成功至关重要。本文介绍了一个小型的联邦指定的西班牙裔服务社区学院如何开发了一个奖学金计划，为经济困难的社区学院学生打算转移到一个四年制的机构，追求学士学位在STEM领域。该计划通过国家科学基金会科学，技术，工程和数学奖学金（S-STEM）拨款开发，涉及STEM教师，大学工作人员，管理人员，学生组织以及行业，四年制机构，当地高中和专业组织的合作伙伴之间的合作。除了通过奖学金提供财政支持外，学生获得学术资本的机会还通过密集的数学复习计划，辅导，学习小组，补充指导和研究实习机会增加。通过为学者提供教师导师来增加对文化和社会资本的获取;通过实地考察，暑期实习，专业组织和学生俱乐部让学生与STEM教师，大学研究人员和行业专业人士接触;支持学生和教师参加专业会议，并为学生及其家人提供与教师和工作人员互动的机会。本文详细介绍了该计划的发展，以及它在过去五年中对提高STEM学生的成功的影响，这些影响是从学生参与各种计划活动，学生态度和自我效能调查以及包括持久性，保留，转移和毕业在内的学业成绩的数据中确定的。
Abstract Research has shown that student achievement is influenced by their access to, or possession of, various forms of capital. These forms of capital include financial capital, academic capital (prior academic preparation and access to academic support services), cultural capital (the attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors related to education which students are exposed to by members of their family or community), and social capital (the resources students have access to as a result of being members of groups or networks). For community college students, many with high financial need and the first in their families to go to college (especially those from underrepresented minority groups), developing programs to increase access to these various forms of capital is critical to their success. This paper describes how a small federally designated Hispanic-serving community college has developed a scholarship program for financially needy community college students intending to transfer to a four-year institution to pursue a bachelor’s degree in a STEM field. Developed through a National Science Foundation Scholarships in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (S-STEM) grant, the program involves a collaboration among STEM faculty, college staff, administrators, student organizations, and partners in industry, four-year institutions, local high schools, and professional organizations. In addition to providing financial support through the scholarships, student access to academic capital is increased through an intensive math review program, tutoring, study groups, supplemental instruction, and research internship opportunities. Access to cultural and social capital is increased by providing scholars with faculty mentors; engaging students with STEM faculty, university researchers, and industry professionals through field trips, summer internships, professional organizations, and student clubs; supporting student and faculty participation at professional conferences, and providing opportunities for students and their families to interact with faculty and staff. The paper details the development of the program, and its impact over the last five years on enhancing the success of STEM students as determined from data on student participation in various program activities, student attitudinal and self-efficacy surveys, and academic performance including persistence, retention, transfer and graduation.