Mapping and characterizing Arctic beaded streams through high resolution satellite imagery
Mapping and characterizing Arctic beaded streams through high resolution satellite imagery
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2022.113378
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
M. Harlan;C. Gleason;Jonathan A. Flores;T. Langhorst;Samapriya Roy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Harlan;C. Gleason;Jonathan A. Flores;T. Langhorst;Samapriya Roy
北极珠流提供独特的生态系统功能，并作为重要的苔原栖息地。它们独特的“串珠状”形态被认为是由热喀斯特侵蚀形成的，它们在冻土覆盖的景观中密集地出现。尽管它们在高纬度地区普遍存在，但串珠状溪流的形成和发生没有得到很好的研究，串珠状溪流也没有全球地图。在偏远、动态的环境中，进入这些溪流是一项挑战，直到最近，由于这些溪流相对较小，河道宽度只有几米，因此通过卫星图像监测这些溪流是困难的。从行星数据中获得的高分辨率图像现在使得有可能在大面积上探测和绘制这些流。在这里，我们观察和预测整个泛北极域的珠状流集水区的位置相结合的计算机视觉和高分辨率（3米）卫星图像的最新进展的已知珠状流的位置。具体来说，我们使用已知的现有串珠溪流的位置将潜在的河流集水区分类为串珠或非串珠，然后下载这些地区的高分辨率图像，并使用最新的You-Only-Look-Once（YOLO）对象检测算法来识别整个泛北极地区的串珠溪流，估计全球有138，500 ± 43，700个串珠集水区，据估计，在所有泛北极集水区中有三分之一发生这种情况。在迄今为止最大的珠状流数据集中（阿普等人，2015年），只有375集水区包含珠流被确定，因此我们的估计显着扩大了我们目前的北极珠流的位置和流行的理解。
Arctic beaded streams provide unique ecosystem functions and serve as important tundra habitats. Their unique ‘beads-on-a-string’ morphology is thought to form from thermokarst erosion, and they are densely represented in permafrost-ridden landscapes. Despite their ubiquity in high latitude regions, beaded stream formation and occurrence is not well studied, and beaded streams are not globally mapped. Access to these streams is challenging in their remote, dynamic environment, and up until recently, monitoring these streams through satellite imagery was difficult given their relatively small size with channel widths of a few meters. The availability of high-resolution imagery from Planet data now makes it possible to detect and map these streams over large areas. Here we observe and predict the location of beaded stream catchments throughout the pan-Arctic domain by combining the location of known beaded streams with recent advances in computer vision and high-resolution (3 m) satellite imagery. Specifically, we use the location of known existing beaded streams to classify potential river catchments as beaded or non-beaded, then download high resolution imagery across those regions, and use the latest You-Only-Look-Once (YOLO) object detection algorithm to identify beaded streams throughout the pan-Arctic, estimating 138,500 ± 43,700 beaded catchments globally, occurring in an estimated one third of all pan-Arctic catchments. In the largest dataset of beaded streams to date (Arp et al., 2015), only 375 catchments that contain beaded streams were identified, thus our estimate significantly expands our current understanding of the location and prevalence of Arctic beaded streams.