Ediacaran biozones identified with network analysis provide evidence for pulsed extinctions of early complex life
Ediacaran biozones identified with network analysis provide evidence for pulsed extinctions of early complex life
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-08837-3
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
A. Muscente;N. Bykova;Thomas H. Boag;L. Buatois;M. Mángano;A. Eleish;A. Prabhu;F. Pan;Michael B. Meyer;J. Schiffbauer;P. Fox;Robert M. Hazen;Andrew H. Knoll
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作者：
A. Muscente;N. Bykova;Thomas H. Boag;L. Buatois;M. Mángano;A. Eleish;A. Prabhu;F. Pan;Michael B. Meyer;J. Schiffbauer;P. Fox;Robert M. Hazen;Andrew H. Knoll
埃迪卡拉纪（~635 ~ 541 Ma）的岩石包含了最古老的大型复杂生物化石及其行为。这些化石记录了发展和生态的创新，并表明灭绝有助于塑造早期动物进化的轨迹。传统的方法将埃迪卡拉纪的大化石区域划分为分类上不同的集群，这些集群可能代表了进化、环境或保存的变化。在这里，我们通过对尸体和痕迹化石的网络分析来研究这些可能性。通过将分类群、古环境和地质构造的多重网络划分为群落单元，我们区分了生物地层带和古环境限制的生物群落，并为埃迪卡拉纪晚期地层独特的全球世界性组合提供了经验上可靠和统计上显著的证据。该组合在分类上是不充分的，但包括可识别的真生动物化石，它们生活在两次生物更替之间。这些更替事件是复杂生命的第一次大灭绝，为寒武纪动物辐射铺平了道路。
Rocks of Ediacaran age (~635–541 Ma) contain the oldest fossils of large, complex organisms and their behaviors. These fossils document developmental and ecological innovations, and suggest that extinctions helped to shape the trajectory of early animal evolution. Conventional methods divide Ediacaran macrofossil localities into taxonomically distinct clusters, which may represent evolutionary, environmental, or preservational variation. Here, we investigate these possibilities with network analysis of body and trace fossil occurrences. By partitioning multipartite networks of taxa, paleoenvironments, and geologic formations into community units, we distinguish between biostratigraphic zones and paleoenvironmentally restricted biotopes, and provide empirically robust and statistically significant evidence for a global, cosmopolitan assemblage unique to terminal Ediacaran strata. The assemblage is taxonomically depauperate but includes fossils of recognizable eumetazoans, which lived between two episodes of biotic turnover. These turnover events were the first major extinctions of complex life and paved the way for the Cambrian radiation of animals.