Built-in resilience through disaster risk reduction: operational issues
Built-in resilience through disaster risk reduction: operational issues
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DOI：
10.1080/09613218.2014.858203
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
L. Bosher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Bosher
有人认为，负责建筑环境的交付、运营和维护的广大人员需要更加积极主动地参与，使建筑环境能够抵御各种已知和不可预见的危害和威胁。因此，审查了与将减少灾害风险纳入建筑环境的（再）发展有关的广泛利益攸关方的（实际和潜在）作用。对英格兰的文献、政府数据和与主要利益攸关方的访谈进行的审查表明，尽管监管机构有意通过利用公共和私营部门利益攸关方来提高当地的复原力，但仍存在一些结构性和操作性障碍。可以采用一系列战略来克服这些障碍：修订建筑法规，收紧规划政策，改善专业培训，明确作用和任务，启用自下而上和自上而下的互补方法，以及就广泛的结构性和非结构性减少风险措施提供良好做法指导。许多业务挑战是非结构性的，需要一个连贯一致的总体战略：改变和调整民间社会、政府和人造环境利益攸关方的社会认识和做法。
It has been argued that the broad range of people responsible for the delivery, operation and maintenance of the built environment need to become more proactively involved in making the built environment resilient to a wide range of known and unforeseen hazards and threats. Accordingly, the (actual and potential) roles of a wide range of stakeholders associated with the integration of disaster risk reduction into the (re-)development of the built environment are examined. A review of literature, government data and interviews with key stakeholders in England highlights that despite regulatory intentions to increase local resilience through the use of public and private sector stakeholders, a number of structural and operational obstacles exist. A range of strategies can be employed to overcome these obstacles: revisions to building codes, tightening planning policy, improving professional training, clarifying roles and missions, enabling complementary bottom-up and top-down approaches, and the provision of good-practice guidance about the broad range of structural and non-structural risk reduction measures. Many of the operational challenges are non-structural and require a coherent, overarching strategy: changing and aligning the social understandings and practices in civil society, government and built environment stakeholders.