Uptake and metabolism of γ-aminobutyric acid by neurones and glial cells
Uptake and metabolism of γ-aminobutyric acid by neurones and glial cells
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DOI：
10.1016/0006-2952(75)90422-0
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发表时间：
1975-05
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
L. Iversen;J. Kelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Iversen;J. Kelly
7-氨基丁酸(GABA)作为一种抑制物质在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物神经系统中的作用现已得到证实[1]。Roberts[2]最近在这本杂志上综述了这种物质在哺乳动物中枢神经系统中的生化药理的各个方面。在这篇综述中，我们将集中在中枢神经系统中GABA的生化处理的一个方面，即它被神经元和神经胶质细胞中的特殊转运机制摄取。对于其他神经递质，特别是生物胺，这种转运机制的存在已经得到了很好的证明[3]，神经组织对递质的摄取被认为是一种普遍的机制，通过这种机制，神经递质的突触后动作在其神经释放后终止[4]。与其他递质特异性神经元一样，哺乳动物中枢神经系统中的GABA抑制神经元在其外表面似乎具有与GABA特异的高亲和力摄取位点，这可能与其功能有关。然而，GABA的高亲和力摄取位点也存在于多种胶质细胞的表面，其功能尚不清楚，但底物和抑制剂的专一性不同。
The role of 7-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as an inhibitory substance in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous system is now well established [1]. Roberts [2] has recently reviewed in this journal various aspects of the biochemical pharmacology of this substance in mammalian CNS. In the present review we will concentrate on one aspect of the biochemical disposition of GABA in CNS, namely its uptake by specialized transport mechanisms in neurones and glial cells. The existence of such transport mechanisms is well documented for other neurotransmitters, particularly the biogenic amines [3], and transmitter uptake by nervous tissues is thought to represent a general mechanism whereby the postsynaptic actions of neurotransmitters are terminated following their neural release [4]. In common with the other transmitter-specific neurones, GABA-inhibitory neurones in mammalian CNS appear to possess high-affinity uptake sites specific for GABA on their external surfaces and this may be related to that function. However, high-affinity uptake sites for GABA, with a different substrate and inhibitor specificity also exist on the surface of a variety of glial cells, where their function is as yet not clear.