Explaining odds ratios.
Explaining odds ratios.
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发表时间：
2010-08
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通讯作者：
Magdalena Szumilas
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作者：
Magdalena Szumilas
比值比 (OR) 是衡量暴露与结果之间关联的指标。 OR 表示在给定特定暴露的情况下发生结果的几率，与没有该暴露的情况下发生结果的几率相比。优势比最常用于病例对照研究，但也可用于横断面和队列研究设计（经过一些修改和/或假设）。比值比和逻辑回归 计算逻辑回归时，回归系数 (b1) 是暴露值每增加单位的结果对数比值的估计增加。换句话说，回归系数(e b1 )的指数函数是与暴露量每增加一个单位相关的优势比。
An odds ratio (OR) is a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. The OR represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure. Odds ratios are most commonly used in case-control studies, however they can also be used in cross-sectional and cohort study designs as well (with some modifications and/or assumptions). Odds ratios and logistic regression When a logistic regression is calculated, the regression coefficient (b1) is the estimated increase in the log odds of the outcome per unit increase in the value of the exposure. In other words, the exponential function of the regression coefficient (e b1 ) is the odds ratio associated with a one-unit increase in the exposure.