Brain signatures of artificial language processing: Evidence challenging the critical period hypothesis
Brain signatures of artificial language processing: Evidence challenging the critical period hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.012611199
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发表时间：
2002-01-08
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Pfeifer, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friederici, AD;Steinhauer, K;Pfeifer, E
成人的第二语言学习似乎比童年时期的第一语言习得更难，效率更低。通过使用事件相关脑电位，我们表明，学习微型人工语言的成年人在处理这种语言时显示出类似于母语人士在处理自然语言时所做的大脑激活的实时模式。接受人工语言训练的参与者显示出两个与事件相关的脑电位成分，它们反映了早期的自动和晚期受控的句法过程，而未接受培训的参与者则没有。这一结果挑战了一种普遍的观点，即后天第二语言学习者处理语言的方式与以本族语为母语的人截然不同。我们的发现表明，一个小的语法规则系统可以由成年说话者以一种非常类似于本族语句子处理的方式在句法上实例化。
Adult second language learning seems to be more difficult and less efficient than first language acquisition during childhood. By using event-related brain potentials, we show that adults who learned a miniature artificial language display a similar real-time pattern of brain activation when processing this language as native speakers do when processing natural languages. Participants trained in the artificial language showed two event-related brain potential components taken to reflect early automatic and late controlled syntactic processes, whereas untrained participants did not. This result challenges the common view that late second language learners process language in a principally different way from native speakers. Our findings demonstrate that a small system of grammatical rules can be syntactically instantiated by the adult speaker in a way that strongly resembles native-speaker sentence processing.