Biomechanics of the sprint start
Biomechanics of the sprint start
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DOI：
10.2165/00007256-199723010-00002
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Steele, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harland, MJ;Steele, JR
已经研究了与冲刺起步相关的许多变量。研究表明，优选采用中等块间距，在设定位置时，前膝角度和后膝角度分别约为 90 度和 130 度，臀部保持适当的高度。短跑运动员必须能够产生高发力率和高最大力量，特别是在水平方向。这种产生高力的能力是启动性能的其他重要指标的基础，例如最小块间隙时间、最大块离开速度和最大块离开加速度。一旦短跑运动员以相对于地面的低角度（40 至 45 度）将自己从障碍物中伸出，则应进行以下 2 个障碍后步骤，全身重心位于脚着地时接触脚之前，以尽量减少潜在的水平制动力。
Many variables have been studied pertaining to the block sprint start. Research suggests that the adoption of a medium block spacing is preferred, with front and rear knee angles in the set position approximating 90 and 130 degrees, respectively, with the hips held moderately high. The sprinter must be capable of developing a high force rate combined with a high maximum force, especially in the horizontal direction. This ability to create high force underlies other important indicators of starting performance such as minimum block clearance time, maximum block leaving Velocity and maximum block leaving acceleration. Once the sprinter has projected him/herself from the blocks at a low angle (40 to 45 degrees) relative to the ground, the following 2 post-block steps should occur with the total body centre of gravity ahead of the contacting foot at foot strike to minimise potential horizontal braking forces.