THE EYEWITNESS SUGGESTIBILITY EFFECT AND MEMORY FOR SOURCE
THE EYEWITNESS SUGGESTIBILITY EFFECT AND MEMORY FOR SOURCE
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03198473
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发表时间：
1989-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LINDSAY, DS;JOHNSON, MK
我们研究了目击者的可辨认性反映了人们通常区分来自不同来源的记忆的过程失败的可能性。为了验证这一假设，误导和控制主题进行了测试，无论是与是/否识别测试，或与“源监控”测试，旨在引导受试者参加有关他们的记忆来源的信息。研究结果表明，通过再认测试获得的可感知性效应可以通过引导受试者在测试时思考他们记忆的来源来消除。我们的研究结果表明，虽然被误导的被试能够识别出他们对误导性建议的记忆来源，但他们有时会将其误认为是来自原始事件的记忆。这种错误在多大程度上反映了真正的记忆混乱（例如，由宽松的判断标准产生的）或有意识的错误归因（可能是由于需求特征），仍有待具体说明。
We examined the possibility that eyewitness suggestibility reflects failures of the processes by which people normally discriminate between memories derived from different sources. To test this hypothesis, misled and control subjects were tested either with a yes/no recognition test or with a "source monitoring" test designed to orient subjects to attend to information about the sources of their memories. The results demonstrate that suggestibility effects obtained with a recognition test can be eliminated by orienting subjects toward thinking about the sources of their memories while taking the test. Our findings indicate that although misled subjects are capable of identifying the source of their memories of misleading suggestions, they nontheless sometimes misidentify them as memories derived from the original event. The extent to which such errors reflect genuine memory confusions (produced, for example, by lax judgement criteria) or conscious misattributions (perhaps due to demand characteristics) remains to be specified.