Endothelial response to glucose: dysfunction, metabolism, and transport.
Endothelial response to glucose: dysfunction, metabolism, and transport.
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20200611
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发表时间：
2021-02-26
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Clyne AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clyne AM
内皮细胞对葡萄糖的反应在健康和疾病中起着重要作用。首先在糖尿病动物模型和高血糖培养的细胞中研究了内皮葡萄糖诱导的功能障碍。四个经典的功能障碍途径被确定，后来被证明是由于线粒体超氧化物过量生产的共同机制。最近，非编码RNA、细胞外囊泡和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂被证明影响葡萄糖诱导的内皮功能障碍。内皮细胞也代谢葡萄糖以满足自身的能量需求。过去十年的研究强调了如何操纵内皮糖酵解可用于控制疾病（如癌症）的血管生成和微血管通透性。最后，内皮细胞将葡萄糖转运至血管壁细胞和实质组织。来自血脑屏障和外周血管系统的越来越多的证据表明，内皮细胞通过葡萄糖转运蛋白调节葡萄糖转运，葡萄糖转运蛋白将葡萄糖从细胞的顶侧移动到基底侧。内皮葡萄糖反应的未来研究应该开始整合功能障碍，代谢和运输到实验和计算方法，也考虑内皮异质性，代谢多样性，和实质组织的相互作用。
The endothelial cell response to glucose plays an important role in both health and disease. Endothelial glucose-induced dysfunction was first studied in diabetic animal models and in cells cultured in hyperglycemia. Four classical dysfunction pathways were identified, which were later shown to result from the common mechanism of mitochondrial superoxide overproduction. More recently, non-coding RNA, extracellular vesicles, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors were shown to affect glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells also metabolize glucose for their own energetic needs. Research over the past decade highlighted how manipulation of endothelial glycolysis can be used to control angiogenesis and microvascular permeability in diseases such as cancer. Finally, endothelial cells transport glucose to the cells of the blood vessel wall and to the parenchymal tissue. Increasing evidence from the blood-brain barrier and peripheral vasculature suggests that endothelial cells regulate glucose transport through glucose transporters that move glucose from the apical to the basolateral side of the cell. Future studies of endothelial glucose response should begin to integrate dysfunction, metabolism and transport into experimental and computational approaches that also consider endothelial heterogeneity, metabolic diversity, and parenchymal tissue interactions.