Photoperiod influences the behavioral and physiological phenotype during ontogeny
Photoperiod influences the behavioral and physiological phenotype during ontogeny
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/ars177
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Trillmich, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guenther, A.;Trillmich, F.
行为，生理和生活史特征可以通过个体发育过程中与环境条件的相互作用来改变。直到最近，影响发育表型的生态和社会环境还没有被详细研究。然而，它们代表了生态位构建的重要一步，通过生态位构建，发育中的有机体原则上可以适应其生活史的可预测方面。通过动态变化的光周期在怀孕期间，我们测试了如何行为表型（BP）和生理的少年豚鼠（Cavia aperea）调整产前光周期的季节差异。产前光周期，模拟春天或秋天，导致更快或更慢的成熟的女性，但在窝的相对大小排名也产生了重大影响的成熟开始。此外，出生前的光周期强烈影响幼年动物的血压和应激反应。出生到秋天的重女性开发了一个较少的探索，更害羞的BP，而出生到春天的重女性产生更多的探索，大胆的BP。较小的姐妹篇在成熟的开始没有差异，相应地，我们发现BP没有差异。我们也没有发现男性血压的差异。早期的人格特征，虽然是可重复的，但随着个体发育的变化，早期的BP群体差异在成年人中完全消失了。我们的研究结果表明，高发育可塑性方面预测的最佳生活史，并建议长期可塑性响应光周期。
Behavioral, physiological, and life-history traits can be modified through interactions with environmental conditions during ontogeny. Until recently, the ecological and social circumstances influencing the developing phenotype have not been investigated in much detail. Nevertheless, they represent an important step in niche construction by which the developing organism can in principle adjust to predictable aspects of its life history. By dynamically changing photoperiod during gestation, we tested how behavioral phenotypes (BPs) and physiology of juvenile cavies (Cavia aperea) adjust to seasonal differences in prenatal photoperiod. The prenatal photoperiod, simulating spring or autumn, led to faster or slower maturation in females but the relative size rank in litter also exerted a major influence on the onset of maturation. In addition, prenatal photoperiod strongly influenced BP and stress response in juvenile animals. Heavy females born into autumn developed a less explorative, more shy BP, whereas heavy females born into spring produced more explorative, bolder BP. Smaller sisters did not differ in the onset of maturation and, correspondingly, we found no differences in the BP. We did not find differences in the BP in males also. Early personality traits, though repeatable, changed over ontogeny to such an extent that early group differences in BP had completely disappeared in adults. Our results indicate high developmental plasticity with respect to predicted optimal life history and suggest long-term plasticity in response to photoperiod.