Trpc2 pseudogenization dynamics in bats reveal ancestral vomeronasal signaling, then pervasive loss
Trpc2 pseudogenization dynamics in bats reveal ancestral vomeronasal signaling, then pervasive loss
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13187
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Laurel R. Yohe;R. Abubakar;Christina Giordano;E. Dumont;K. Sears;S. Rossiter;Liliana M. Dávalos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laurel R. Yohe;R. Abubakar;Christina Giordano;E. Dumont;K. Sears;S. Rossiter;Liliana M. Dávalos
比较方法通常用于推断复杂表型的丧失或获得，但很少有研究利用与复杂性状紧密相关的基因来测试选择强度的变化。在哺乳动物中，vomerolfication检测化学线索介导的许多社会和生殖行为，是高度保守的，但所有的蝙蝠表现出退化的犁鼻结构，除了两个家庭（Phyllostomidae和Miniopteridae）。这些家庭要么恢复后，祖先的损失，或有许多独立的损失后，多样化的祖先与功能vomerolfication。在这项研究中，我们使用瞬时受体电位阳离子通道2（Trpc 2）作为一个分子标记测试的进化机制的损失和获得的哺乳动物犁鼻系统。我们测序Trpc2外显子2在100多个蝙蝠物种跨越17的20个翼手目家庭。大多数家系的Trpc 2基因都存在独立的假突变，但该阅读框架在叶口虫和小羊齿虫中高度保守。基于系统发育的模拟表明，功能丧失发生在蝙蝠家族分化之后，并且由于蝙蝠拥有共同的祖先，两个家族中的纯化选择一直存在。由于大多数蝙蝠仍然显示信息素介导的行为，它们可能通过主要的嗅觉系统检测信息素，而不使用Trpc 2信号机制。
Comparative methods are often used to infer loss or gain of complex phenotypes, but few studies take advantage of genes tightly linked with complex traits to test for shifts in the strength of selection. In mammals, vomerolfaction detects chemical cues mediating many social and reproductive behaviors and is highly conserved, but all bats exhibit degraded vomeronasal structures with the exception of two families (Phyllostomidae and Miniopteridae). These families either regained vomerolfaction after ancestral loss, or there were many independent losses after diversification from an ancestor with functional vomerolfaction. In this study, we use the Transient receptor potential cation channel 2 (Trpc2) as a molecular marker for testing the evolutionary mechanisms of loss and gain of the mammalian vomeronasal system. We sequenced Trpc2 exon 2 in over 100 bat species across 17 of 20 chiropteran families. Most families showed independent pseudogenizing mutations in Trpc2, but the reading frame was highly conserved in phyllostomids and miniopterids. Phylogeny‐based simulations suggest loss of function occurred after bat families diverged, and purifying selection in two families has persisted since bats shared a common ancestor. As most bats still display pheromone‐mediated behavior, they might detect pheromones through the main olfactory system without using the Trpc2 signaling mechanism.