Practical Lessons from Theoretical Models about the Somitogenesis
Practical Lessons from Theoretical Models about the Somitogenesis
复制标题
体节发生理论模型的实践教训
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Kageyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aitor González;R. Kageyama
脊椎和其他哺乳动物的重复结构是由称为体体的胚胎器官形成的。有时从未分节的体前中胚层（PSM）依次产生。在小鼠中，每两小时从吻侧PSM产生一对新的双侧体。另一方面，由于尾芽的细胞增殖，细胞被添加到PSM的尾侧。在Hes7等基因的PSM中，体形成与细胞自主表达周期相关。由于体细胞发生是一个高度动态和协调的过程，这一事件已经受到广泛的理论建模。在这里，我们描述了目前对小鼠胚胎中体细胞发生的理解，重点是从计算机模拟中获得的见解。值得注意的是，实验和计算机模拟的结合揭示了体细胞发生时钟的动力学特性，如转录/翻译延迟、半衰期和跨PSM的同步机制。理论模型也有助于对一些鲜为人知的过程提供预测和严格的假设，如PSM的时间振荡被捕获并转化为空间模式的机制。我们的目的是回顾这一理论文献，以这样一种方式，实验者可能会欣赏得出的结论。
Vertebrae and other mammalian repetitive structures are formed from embryonic organs called somites. Somites arise sequentially from the unsegmented presomitic mesoderm (PSM). In mice, a new bilateral pair of somites arise every two hours from the rostral PSM. On the other hand, cells are added to the caudal side of the PSM due to cell proliferation of the tail bud. Somite formation correlates with cycles of cell-autonomous expression in the PSM of genes like Hes7. Because the somitogenesis is a highly dynamic and coordinated process, this event has been subjected to extensive theoretical modeling. Here, we describe the current understanding about the somitogenesis in mouse embryos with an emphasis on insights gained from computer simulations. It is worth noting that the combination of experiments and computer simulations has uncovered dynamical properties of the somitogenesis clock such as the transcription/translation delays, the half-life and the synchronization mechanism across the PSM. Theoretical models have also been useful to provide predictions and rigorous hypothesis about poorly understood processes such as the mechanisms by which the temporal PSM oscillations are arrested and converted into an spatial pattern. We aim at reviewing this theoretical literature in such a way that experimentalists might appreciate the resulting conclusions.