Identification and characterization of diverse groups of endogenous retroviruses in felids
Identification and characterization of diverse groups of endogenous retroviruses in felids
复制标题
猫科动物内源性逆转录病毒不同群体的鉴定和表征
作者：
Helena Mata;J. Gongora;E. Eizirik;Brunna M. Alves;M. Soares;A. Ravazzolo
内源性逆转录病毒(ERV)是一种起源于逆转录病毒的基因元件，整合到脊椎动物基因组中。在猫科动物(哺乳动物、食肉目、猫科)中，ERV主要在家猫中被描述，在野生物种中很少被描述。为了深入了解猫科动物内源性逆转录病毒的起源和进化动态，我们从属于猫科三个不同谱系的八种新热带野生猫科动物中鉴定并鉴定了部分proPol ERV序列。我们还将它们与已公布的猫科猫科动物和底格里斯豹的基因组序列以及其他脊椎动物群体的代表进行了比较，并进行了系统发育和分子测年分析，以研究这些逆转录病毒元件的多样化模式和时间。结果我们在采样的猫科动物中鉴定出高度多样性的ERV，其中以伽马逆转录病毒相关序列为主，包括I类ERV。我们的数据表明，已识别的ERV来自至少11种来自其他哺乳动物的水平顺序传播。此外，我们估计大多数类Gamma整合发生在现代猫科动物多样化的过程中。最后，我们的系统发育分析表明，存在一组遗传上不同的序列，其在我们的系统发育树中的位置很难确定相对于已知的逆转录病毒，以及另一种被鉴定为ERV的谱系，属于II类。结论逆转录病毒随着其进化在猫科动物中传播。大多数ERV的深层分支存在于猫科动物的碱基的初级分歧，并与不同哺乳动物谱系的逆转录病毒聚集在一起，这表明水平顺序间传播。我们的发现强调了进一步研究ERV在其他食肉动物物种基因组环境中的作用的重要性。
BackgroundEndogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are genetic elements with a retroviral origin that are integrated into vertebrate genomes. In felids (Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae), ERVs have been described mostly in the domestic cat, and only rarely in wild species. To gain insight into the origins and evolutionary dynamics of endogenous retroviruses in felids, we have identified and characterized partial pro/pol ERV sequences from eight Neotropical wild cat species, belonging to three distinct lineages of Felidae. We also compared them with publicly available genomic sequences of Felis catus and Panthera tigris, as well as with representatives of other vertebrate groups, and performed phylogenetic and molecular dating analyses to investigate the pattern and timing of diversification of these retroviral elements.ResultsWe identified a high diversity of ERVs in the sampled felids, with a predominance of Gammaretrovirus-related sequences, including class I ERVs. Our data indicate that the identified ERVs arose from at least eleven horizontal interordinal transmissions from other mammals. Furthermore, we estimated that the majority of the Gamma-like integrations took place during the diversification of modern felids. Finally, our phylogenetic analyses indicate the presence of a genetically divergent group of sequences whose position in our phylogenetic tree was difficult to establish confidently relative to known retroviruses, and another lineage identified as ERVs belonging to class II.ConclusionsRetroviruses have circulated in felids along with their evolution. The majority of the deep clades of ERVs exist since the primary divergence of felids’ base and cluster with retroviruses of divergent mammalian lineages, suggesting horizontal interordinal transmission. Our findings highlight the importance of additional studies on the role of ERVs in the genome landscaping of other carnivore species.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.18.10254
发表时间：
1999-08-31
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Johnson, WE;Coffin, JM
通讯作者：
Coffin, JM
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Silvestro, Daniele;Michalak, Ingo
通讯作者：
Michalak, Ingo