Evidence for multiple ice centres during the late Palaeozoic ice age in Oman: outcrop sedimentology and provenance of the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian Al Khlata Formation

Evidence for multiple ice centres during the late Palaeozoic ice age in Oman: outcrop sedimentology and provenance of the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian Al Khlata Formation
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阿曼晚古生代冰期存在多个冰中心的证据：露头沉积学和晚石炭世-早二叠世 Al Khlata 地层的来源

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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
B. Williams
B. Williams
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作者：
Joe R Martin;J. Redfern;B. Williams

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摘要：本文基于对阿曼 Huqf 地区暴露的晚石炭世 - 早二叠世 Al Khlata 地层的沉积学和物源分析，提出了阿曼晚古生代冰期 (LPIA) 的冰川作用模型。结果表明，阿曼各地存在着复杂的冰川作用模式，而之前的模型并未完全认识到这一点。条纹冰川路面为冰推进的两个阶段提供了证据：冰盖向东北推进的一个阶段，以及第二个可能更年轻的阶段，其中位于胡克夫高地的冰中心向西南方向流动。地层学受到以前孢粉学研究的限制，被细分为三个单元，从最古老到最年轻：“早期”AKP5、“晚期”AKP5 和 AKP5/P1。 “早期”AKP5 古地理的特点是 Huqf High 西缘的冰接触冰川湖和三角洲沉积环境。根据进积三角洲和扇复合体的记录，融水从东部胡克夫高地的冰缘流入湖中。 “晚期”AKP5 古地理的特点是前冰川河流-三角洲冲刷辫状平原，记录了研究区域西南部冰缘的高强度融水排放。最年轻的未分化AKP5/P1古地理特征是冰接触冰湖条件的重建。
Abstract This paper proposes a model for glaciation in Oman during the late Palaeozoic ice age (LPIA) based on sedimentological and provenance analyses of the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian Al Khlata Formation, exposed in the Huqf, Oman. The results demonstrate a complex pattern of glaciation across Oman, not fully recognized in previous models. Striated glacial pavements provide evidence for two phases of ice advance: a phase of ice sheet advance towards the NE, and a second and probably younger phase where an ice centre localized on the Huqf High flowed towards the SW. The stratigraphy is constrained by previous palynological studies and is subdivided into three units, from oldest to youngest: ‘early’ AKP5, ‘late’ AKP5 and AKP5/P1. ‘Early’ AKP5 palaeogeography is characterized by ice-contact glacial lacustrine and deltaic sedimentary environments along the western margin of the Huqf High. Meltwater discharge flowed into the lake from ice margins located to the east, upon the Huqf High, recorded by progradational delta and fan complexes. ‘Late’ AKP5 palaeogeography is characterized by pro-glacial fluvial-deltaic outwash braidplains that record high-magnitude meltwater discharge from an ice margin located to the SW of the study area. The youngest undifferentiated AKP5/P1 palaeogeography is characterized by re-establishment of ice-contact glaciolacustrine conditions.