Exosomes and their role in the micro-/macro-environment: a comprehensive review.
Exosomes and their role in the micro-/macro-environment: a comprehensive review.
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DOI：
10.7555/jbr.30.20150162
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发表时间：
2017-09-26
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Mukhopadhyay D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Javeed N;Mukhopadhyay D
细胞外小泡(EV)在细胞间通讯中的重要性早已被认识到，因为它们能够将重要的细胞货物如DNA、mRNA、miRNAs和蛋白质转移到靶细胞。令人信服的证据支持EVS在细胞物质的水平转移中的作用，这可能会影响正常的细胞生理并促进各种疾病状态。在不同类型的EV中，Exosome由于其在各种生物液中的丰富以及能够影响多个器官系统而在过去的十年中受到了极大的关注。这篇综述的主要焦点将集中在癌症以及癌症来源的外切体如何成为转移、血管生成、免疫调节和肿瘤宏观/微环境的重要介质。我们还将讨论外切体作为潜在的癌症生物标记物，因为它们在生物液中丰富，易于摄取，以及细胞含量。Exosome在诊断、预后和建立治疗方案方面的应用具有巨大的潜力，可以使患者护理发生革命性变化。
The importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cell-cell communication has long been recognized due to their ability to transfer important cellular cargoes such as DNA, mRNA, miRNAs, and proteins to target cells. Compelling evidence supports the role of EVs in the horizontal transfer of cellular material which has the potential to influence normal cellular physiology and promote various disease states. Of the different types of EVs, exosomes have garnered much attention in the past decade due to their abundance in various biological fluids and ability to affect multiple organ systems. The main focus of this review will be on cancer and how cancer-derived exosomes are important mediators of metastasis, angiogenesis, immune modulation, and the tumor macro-/microenvironment. We will also discuss exosomes as potential biomarkers for cancers due to their abundance in biological fluids, ease of uptake, and cellular content. Exosome use in diagnosis, prognosis, and in establishing treatment regimens has enormous potential to revolutionize patient care.