Fecal microbiota transplantation provides new insight into wildlife conservation
Fecal microbiota transplantation provides new insight into wildlife conservation
复制标题
粪便微生物移植为野生动物保护提供了新见解
DOI：
10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01234
复制
发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Dai, Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Wei;Ren, Ke;Dai, Min
环境、饮食和宿主遗传是塑造人类和动物肠道微生物群的主要因素。圈养动物的肠道微生物群落经常因疾病或人为活动而发生剧烈变化。微生物群落的这些变化深刻地影响着动物的适应性。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）为修复受干扰的肠道微生物群提供了巨大的潜力。此外，野生动物和圈养动物的肠道微生物之间通常存在差异。FMT可用于改善候选濒危动物的肠道细菌群落结构，然后将其释放到野外。然而，关于FMT技术在野生动物保护中的应用研究却很少。本文综述了FMT在濒危野生动物保护中的应用。首先介绍了FMT在保护生物学中应用的必要性;其次讨论了FMT技术在濒危物种保护中的潜在效益;第三列举了FMT在濒危动物保护中的成功应用案例;最后讨论了FMT在濒危野生动物保护中的未来研究方向和关注点。虽然为保护生物学进行FMT的尝试仍然是初步的，但FMT已经表明了改善野生动物管理和保护的巨大潜力。我们希望通过本文的综述，能够促进未来FMT在保护脆弱物种方面的应用研究。(C)2020年，任作家。由爱思唯尔公司出版
Environment, diet, and host phylogeny are the main factors that shape the gut microbiota of humans and animals. Gut microbial communities of captive animals are often drastically altered by disease or anthropogenic activities. These changes in the microbial community profoundly influence animal fitness. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) offers enormous potential to mend a disturbed gut microbiota. In addition, differences generally exist between the gut microbiotas of wild and captive animals. FMT can be used to improve the gut bacterial community structure of candidate endangered animals before releasing them into the wild. However, there are few reviews on the application of FMT in wildlife conservation. This review discusses the application of FMT for the conservation of endangered wildlife. First, the necessity for the application of FMT to conservation biology is introduced; second, the potential benefits of FMT techniques for endangered species conservation are discussed; third, successful cases where FMT was applied for the protection of endangered animals are listed; finally, future research directions and concerns with regard to FMT for the conservation of endangered wildlife are discussed. Although the attempts to perform FMT for conservation biology still remain preliminary, FMT has already indicated an enormous potential for the improvement of both the management and conservation of wildlife. We hope this review can promote future studies focused on the application of FMT for the preservation of vulnerable species. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.