The encephalomyocarditis virus.
The encephalomyocarditis virus.
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DOI：
10.4161/viru.20573
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bakkali-Kassimi L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carocci M;Bakkali-Kassimi L
脑心肌炎病毒（EMCV）是一种小型无包膜单链RNA病毒，不仅是心肌炎和脑炎的病原体，也是许多哺乳动物神经系统疾病、生殖系统疾病和糖尿病的病原体。EMCV的发病机制似乎是病毒株和宿主特异性的，越来越需要更好地了解EMCV的毒力因子。事实上，EMCV经常被用作糖尿病和病毒性心肌炎的模型，并且在免疫学中也被广泛用作Toll样受体和胞质受体研究中的双链RNA刺激物。然而，EMCV的毒力和特性往往被忽视。此外，EMCV能够感染人类，尽管发病率较低。异种移植的进展，如人类的猪心脏移植，已经引起了安全问题，需要加以探讨。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍EMCV的生物学和所有已知的和潜在的毒力因子。
The encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is a small non-enveloped single-strand RNA virus, the causative agent of not only myocarditis and encephalitis, but also neurological diseases, reproductive disorders and diabetes in many mammalian species. EMCV pathogenesis appears to be viral strain- and host-specific, and a better understanding of EMCV virulence factors is increasingly required. Indeed, EMCV is often used as a model for diabetes and viral myocarditis, and is also widely used in immunology as a double-stranded RNA stimulus in the study of Toll-like as well as cytosolic receptors. However, EMCV virulence and properties have often been neglected. Moreover, EMCV is able to infect humans albeit with a low morbidity. Progress on xenografts, such as pig heart transplantation in humans, has raised safety concerns that need to be explored. In this review we will highlight the biology of EMCV and all known and potential virulence factors.