Lifting the Cloak of Invisibility: The Effects of Changing Optical Conditions on Pelagic Crypsis1
Lifting the Cloak of Invisibility: The Effects of Changing Optical Conditions on Pelagic Crypsis1
复制标题
揭开隐形斗篷：改变光学条件对远洋隐秘的影响1
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
S. Johnsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Johnsen
虽然透明、隐色和反照明对远洋物种来说都是非常成功的隐色策略，但当面对不同的光学条件时，它们变得不那么有效。透明物种很容易被身体表面的反射探测到，尤其是在浅水深处。当从特定角度或在一天中的特定时间观察彩色和镜像物种时，它们很容易被发现。反照明物质必须适应不同深度下向光的角度分布和光谱的变化。在所有情况下，这些弱点在浅层深度更为明显，在200米以上的深度基本上可以忽略不计。研究结果表明，对于隐隐（例如，抗反射涂层，可变颜色，用于光团的可变滤光片）和视觉检测（例如，循环，黄昏捕食），所有这些都是未来研究中潜在的富有成果的主题。
Abstract While transparency, cryptic coloration, and counterillumination are all highly successful cryptic strategies for pelagic species, they become less effective when confronted with varying optical conditions. Transparent species are susceptible to detection by reflections from their body surface, particularly at shallow depths. Colored and mirrored species are vulnerable to detection when viewed from certain angles, or at certain times of day. Counterilluminating species must cope with the changes in the angular distribution and spectra of downwelling light at different depths. In all cases the vulnerabilities are more pronounced at shallow depths and essentially negligible at depths greater than 200 m. The results suggest interesting adaptations both for crypsis (e.g., anti-reflection coatings, variable coloration, variable filters for photophores) and for visual detection (e.g., circling, crepuscular predation), all of which are potentially fruitful topics for future research.