Calculus of clovers and finite type invariants of 3–manifolds

Calculus of clovers and finite type invariants of 3–manifolds
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三叶草微积分和 3 流形的有限类型不变量

DOI:
10.2140/gt.2001.5.75
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发表时间:
2000
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
M. Polyak
M. Polyak
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Garoufalidis;M. Goussarov;M. Polyak

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一个三叶草是一个有框架的三价图,具有一些额外的结构,嵌入在一个3{流形。我们dene手术三叶草,推广手术的Y{图使用较早的第二作者dene一个新的理论nite型不变量的3{流形。本文系统地阐述了三叶草的一个拓扑演算,并利用它导出了nite型不变量相应理论的一些重要结果。特别是,我们给出了一个描述的重量系统的一价图模的AS和IHX的关系,让人想起类似的结果链接。然后,我们比较几个denitions的nite型不变量的同源领域(基于手术Y{图,眨眼,代数分裂的链接,和边界链接),并证明在一个独立的方式,他们的等价性。
A clover is a framed trivalent graph with some additional structure, embedded in a 3{manifold. We dene surgery on clovers, generalizing surgery on Y{graphs used earlier by the second author to dene a new theory of nite-type invariants of 3{manifolds. We give a systematic exposition of a topological calculus of clovers and use it to deduce some important results about the corresponding theory of nite type invariants. In particular, we give a description of the weight systems in terms of uni-trivalent graphs modulo the AS and IHX relations, reminiscent of the similar results for links. We then compare several denitions of nite type invariants of homology spheres (based on surgery on Y{graphs, blinks, algebraically split links, and boundary links) and prove in a self-contained way their equivalence.