Autophagy genes function sequentially to promote apoptotic cell corpse degradation in the engulfing cell.

Autophagy genes function sequentially to promote apoptotic cell corpse degradation in the engulfing cell.
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自噬基因依次发挥作用,促进吞噬细胞中的凋亡细胞尸体降解

DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201111053
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发表时间:
2012-04-02
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ou G
Ou G
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li W;Zou W;Yang Y;Chai Y;Chen B;Cheng S;Tian D;Wang X;Vale RD;Ou G

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自噬基因不仅对揭示吞噬细胞上的吞噬信号是必不可少的,而且在吞噬细胞中也起着促进凋亡细胞去除的作用。细胞凋亡性降解是生物体发育的基本过程,清除障碍会导致炎症性或自身免疫性疾病。虽然自噬基因被报道是暴露吞噬细胞上的凋亡信号所必需的,但它们在吞噬细胞中去除凋亡细胞的作用还不清楚。在这篇论文中,我们发展了活细胞成像技术来研究秀丽线虫Q神经母细胞系中凋亡细胞的清除。我们发现,自噬蛋白LGG-1/LC3、ATG-18和EPG-5依次被招募到吞噬细胞中内化凋亡的Q细胞。在ATG-18或EPG-5突变体中,凋亡的Q细胞被内化,但没有被适当地降解;吞噬细胞中自噬基因的表达完全挽救了这种表型。对自噬突变体的时间推移分析表明,RAB-5和RAB-7的小鸟苷三磷酸酶在吞噬小体中的募集和吞噬小体的形成都明显延迟。因此,自噬基因在吞噬细胞内起作用,促进凋亡细胞的降解。
Autophagy genes are not only essential for exposing the engulfment signal on apoptotic cells but also function in phagocytes to promote apoptotic cell removal. Apoptotic cell degradation is a fundamental process for organism development, and impaired clearance causes inflammatory or autoimmune disease. Although autophagy genes were reported to be essential for exposing the engulfment signal on apoptotic cells, their roles in phagocytes for apoptotic cell removal are not well understood. In this paper, we develop live-cell imaging techniques to study apoptotic cell clearance in the Caenorhabditis elegans Q neuroblast lineage. We show that the autophagy proteins LGG-1/LC3, ATG-18, and EPG-5 were sequentially recruited to internalized apoptotic Q cells in the phagocyte. In atg-18 or epg-5 mutants, apoptotic Q cells were internalized but not properly degraded; this phenotype was fully rescued by the expression of autophagy genes in the phagocyte. Time-lapse analysis of autophagy mutants revealed that recruitment of the small guanosine triphosphatases RAB-5 and RAB-7 to the phagosome and the formation of phagolysosome were all significantly delayed. Thus, autophagy genes act within the phagocyte to promote apoptotic cell degradation.
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