From the regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis to bacterial growth and morphology.
From the regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis to bacterial growth and morphology.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro2677
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发表时间：
2011-12-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vollmer W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Typas A;Banzhaf M;Gross CA;Vollmer W
细菌如何在保持一定形状的情况下生长和分裂是微生物学中的一个基本问题，但技术进步正在推动对保持形状的细菌肽聚糖小囊如何生长的新理解。在这篇综述中，我们强调了肽聚糖合成复合物和细胞骨架元件之间的关系，以及最近的证据表明，在革兰氏阴性菌中，肽聚糖的生长受囊外调节。我们还讨论了小囊的生长如何对机械力和营养状况敏感，并描述了肽聚糖水解酶在形成细胞形状和d -氨基酸在小囊重塑中的作用。
How bacteria grow and divide while retaining a defined shape is a fundamental question in microbiology, but technological advances are now driving a new understanding of how the shape-maintaining bacterial peptidoglycan sacculus grows. In this Review, we highlight the relationship between peptidoglycan synthesis complexes and cytoskeletal elements, as well as recent evidence that peptidoglycan growth is regulated from outside the sacculus in Gram-negative bacteria. We also discuss how growth of the sacculus is sensitive to mechanical force and nutritional status, and describe the roles of peptidoglycan hydrolases in generating cell shape and of D-amino acids in sacculus remodelling.